The Epigenetic Regulation of Telomere Maintenance in Aging

Adwan-Shekhidem, Huda; Atzmon, Gil

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811060-7.00005-x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…The recent in vitro TSPYL5 knockdown experiments in human pluripotent stem cells showed that silencing of this gene leads to changes in the expression of numerous pathways, including those responsible for changes in DNA conformation, epigenetics, and telomere organization 44 . These processes map onto the basic molecular and cellular underpinnings of aging including regulation of chromatin architecture, epigenetic control of transcription, and cellular senescence 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering genetic mechanisms of kidney aging through transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics

Rowland

Akbarov

Eales

et al. 2019

Kidney International

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Nephrons scar and involute during aging, increasing the risk of chronic kidney disease. Little is known, however, about genetic mechanisms of kidney aging. We sought to define the signatures of age on the renal transcriptome using 563 human kidneys. The initial discovery analysis of 260 kidney transcriptomes from the TRANScriptome of renaL humAn TissuE Study (TRANSLATE) and the Cancer Genome Atlas identified 37 age-associated genes. For 19 of those genes, the association with age was replicated in 303 kidney transcriptomes from the Nephroseq resource. Surveying 42 nonrenal tissues from the Genotype–Tissue Expression project revealed that, for approximately a fifth of the replicated genes, the association with age was kidney-specific. Seventy-three percent of the replicated genes were associated with functional or histological parameters of age-related decline in kidney health, including glomerular filtration rate, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and arterial narrowing. Common genetic variants in four of the age-related genes, namely LYG1 , PPP1R3C , LTF and TSPYL5 , correlated with the trajectory of age-related changes in their renal expression. Integrative analysis of genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic information revealed that the observed age-related decline in renal TSPYL5 expression was determined both genetically and epigenetically. Thus, this study revealed robust molecular signatures of the aging kidney and new regulatory mechanisms of age-related change in the kidney transcriptome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering genetic mechanisms of kidney aging through transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics

Rowland

Akbarov

Eales

et al. 2019

Kidney International

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“…Finally, epigenetics modification may also affect TL and telomere structure [72]. However, these processes are complex, and more studies are needed to understand better the connection between telomeres, epigenetics and aging [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Childhood Exposure to Family Violence and Telomere Length: A Meta-Analysis

Chen

Chan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aims of this meta-analysis were to examine the association between childhood exposure to family violence and telomere length and the moderating variables that influence this association. Relevant works published on or before 1st September 2022 were identified through a search in five major databases in English and 19 articles (N = 18,977) finally met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was conducted to compute the pooled effect size (correlation; r), and moderator analyses were performed using a random effects meta-analytic model. The studies yielded a significant inverse association between childhood exposure to family violence and telomere length, with a small effect size (r = −0.038, 95% CI [−0.070, −0.005], p = 0.025). Furthermore, the strength of this association was stronger in studies examining the co-occurrence of multiple types of violence than in those examining just one type (Q = 8.143, p = 0.004). These findings suggested that victims’ telomere length may be negatively influenced by childhood exposure to family violence and that such impairment appears to be stronger for those who are exposed to multiple types of violence. Future studies are necessary to examine the moderating and mediating factors underlying the association between childhood exposure to family violence and telomere length.

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“…Therefore, further research is required. Epigenetic profiling may help unravel the mysteries of these extraordinary animals as it is known that pathways involved in regulating senescence can be epigenetically modified [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Senescence and Longevity of Sea Urchins

Amir

Insler

Giller

et al. 2020

Genes

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Sea urchins are a minor class of marine invertebrates that share genetic similarities with humans. For example, the sea urchin species Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is estimated to have 23,300 genes in which the majority of vertebrate gene families are enveloped. Some of the sea urchin species can demonstrate extreme longevity, such as Mesocentrotus franciscanus, living for well over 100 years. Comparing human to sea urchin aging suggests that the latter do not fit within the classic understanding of biological aging, as both long- and short-lived sea urchin species demonstrate negligible senescence. Sea urchins are highly regenerative organisms. Adults can regenerate external appendages and can maintain their regenerative abilities throughout life. They grow indeterminately and reproduce throughout their entire adult life. Both long- and short-lived species do not exhibit age-associated telomere shortening and display telomerase activity in somatic tissues regardless of age. Aging S. purpuratus urchins show changes in expression patterns of protein coding genes that are involved in several fundamental cellular functions such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system, signaling pathways, translational regulation, and electron transport chain. Sea urchin longevity and senescence research is a new and promising field that holds promise for the understanding of aging in vertebrates and can increase our understanding of human longevity and of healthy aging.

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The Epigenetic Regulation of Telomere Maintenance in Aging

Cited by 7 publications

References 102 publications

Uncovering genetic mechanisms of kidney aging through transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics

Uncovering genetic mechanisms of kidney aging through transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics

Association between Childhood Exposure to Family Violence and Telomere Length: A Meta-Analysis

Senescence and Longevity of Sea Urchins

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