The epidermal hyperplasia associated with repeated barrier disruption by acetone treatment or tape stripping cannot be attributed to increased water loss

Denda, Mitsuhiro; Wood, L. D. H.; Emami, Soheyla; Calhoun, Cornelia; Brown, Barbara E.; Elias, Peter M.; Feingold, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1007/bf02530090

Cited by 121 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Repeated treatment with acetone or TS has been shown to cause epidermal hyperplasia (35). Similarly, in the present study, all four treatments examined resulted in substantial epidermal hyperplasia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Itch-Associated Response Induced by Experimental Dry Skin in Mice

Miyamoto

Nishimura

Shinkado

et al. 2002

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

177

185

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ABSTRACT-The present study was conducted to establish a new mouse model of dry skin pruritus. The rostral back was treated daily with cutaneous application of acetone /ether (1:1) mixture (AE), water following AE (AEW), 1% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or tape stripping (TS). On the day after 5-day treatment, although all four treatments significantly decreased stratum corneum (SC) hydration and increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), only AEW treatment significantly increased spontaneous scratching. An increase in the frequency of TS produced the marked increase of TEWL, without significant effects on SC hydration and spontaneous scratching. In AEW-treated mice, changes in SC hydration and TEWL were marked in the initial 2-day period, while spontaneous scratching increased gradually from 3 days after starting the treatment. The degranulation of cutaneous mast cells was increased by SLS treatment but not by other treatments. There was no apparent difference in AEW-induced spontaneous scratching between mast cell-deficient mice (WBB6F1-W /W V ) and normal littermates (WBB6F1-+/+). Opioid antagonists, naloxone and naltrexone, (1 mg /kg, subcutaneously) significantly suppressed spontaneous scratching in AEW-treated mice. It is suggested that spontaneous scratching of AEW-treated mice is an itch-related response and a useful model for studying the mechanisms of dry skin pruritus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Itch-Associated Response Induced by Experimental Dry Skin in Mice

Miyamoto

Nishimura

Shinkado

et al. 2002

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

177

185

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“…Repeated participation was coded with a letter, for example subject 1a and 1b for the first and second participation of subject 1. Repeat participation using the same arm was delayed by at least 1 month, which is sufficient for barrier regeneration [5][6][7].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, formulations are applied to the accessible volar forearm, which has a SC thickness shown to be consistently between 10-20 μm for most volunteers [4]. Restoration of the 80-90% of SC's barrier function is complete within 3 days [5] and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values return to normal after eight [6] to eleven [7] days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of stratum corneum thickness An alternative approach

Russell¹,

Wiedersberg²,

Delgado‐Charro³

2008

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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The individual thickness of the stratum corneum is required to normalize drug permeation profiles in dermatopharmacokinetic studies. The thickness is often estimated using tape-striping combined with transepidermal water loss measurements. A linear transformation of Fick's first law is used to relate the progressively thinner barrier with the corresponding increase in transepidermal water loss and to estimate the thickness by linear regression. However, the data from an important subset of subjects are poorly fitted to this linear model. This is typically due to the removal of loose outer layers of stratum corneum, which do not contribute significantly to barrier function. This work proposes two alternative non-linear models. All three models were used to fit data from 31 in vivo tape-striping experiments and their outcomes and goodness-of-fit compared. The results suggest that the linear model may overestimate the stratum corneum thickness and is open to subjectivity regarding the selection of data points to be fitted. The non-linear models satisfactorily fitted all the data, including all data points. No significant differences were found between the thicknesses derived from the two non-linear models. However, the analysis of the goodness-of-fit of the models to the data suggests a preference for a baseline-corrected approach.

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“…To prepare the physical irritationtriggered hyperplastic skin, the outer epidermal layers in the dorsal skin of HR-1 female mice (7-wk-old, Japan SLC, Hamamatsu, Japan) were removed by repeated tape stripping (15 times), as described previously (29,30), and the injured skin regenerated a complete, but hyperplastic, epidermis in 5 d. To test the effect of ST4n1, 100 μL of the peptide (10 μg/mL in 50% ethanol) or placebo (50% ethanol) was applied daily onto five or four mice, respectively, for 5 d. After measurement of the moisture of the skin surface with a skin moisture checker (MY-808S, Scalar Corp., Chigasaki, Japan), all the mice were euthanized and the transverse sections of the skin stained with hematoxylin to measure the thickness of the total epidermis as well as the denucleated horny layer. The transverse skin sections were stained with hematoxylin or DAPI.…”

Section: Model Mice and The Topical Administration Of St4n1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellularly Extruded Syntaxin-4 Is a Potent Cornification Regulator of Epidermal Keratinocytes

Kadono

Hagiwara

Tagawa

et al. 2015

Mol Med

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In the skin epidermis, keratinocytes undergo anchorage-dependent cornification, which gives rise to stratified multilayers, each with a distinct differentiation feature. The active formation of the cornified cell envelope (CCE), an important element in the skin barrier, occurs in keratinocytes of the upper epidermal layers and impacts their terminal differentiation. In the present study, we identified the extracellularly extruded syntaxin-4 as a potent differentiation regulator of epidermal keratinocytes. We found that differentiation stimuli led to the acceleration of syntaxin-4 exposure at the keratinocyte cell surface and that the artificial control of extracellular syntaxin-4, either by the forced expression of several syntaxin-4 mutants with structural alterations at the putative functional core site (AIEPQK), or by using antagonistic circular peptides containing this core sequence, dramatically influenced the CCE formation, with spatial misexpression of TGase1 and involucrin. We also found that the topical application of a peptide that exerted the most prominent antagonistic activity for syntaxin-4, named ST4n1, evidently prevented the formation of the hyperplastic and hyperkeratotic epidermis generated by physical irritation in HR-1 mice skin. Collectively, these results demonstrate that extracellularly extruded syntaxin-4 is a potent regulator of CCE differentiation, and that ST4n1 has potential as a clinically applicable reagent for keratotic skin lesions.

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The epidermal hyperplasia associated with repeated barrier disruption by acetone treatment or tape stripping cannot be attributed to increased water loss

Cited by 121 publications

References 24 publications

Itch-Associated Response Induced by Experimental Dry Skin in Mice

Itch-Associated Response Induced by Experimental Dry Skin in Mice

The determination of stratum corneum thickness An alternative approach

Extracellularly Extruded Syntaxin-4 Is a Potent Cornification Regulator of Epidermal Keratinocytes

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