“…To measure SK-1 promoter activity, a luciferase reporter gene assay was performed exactly as previously described (Huwiler et al 2006) using a Lumat LB9507 luminometer (Berthold Detection Systems, Pforzheim, Germany). SK activity assay SK-1 activity was measured exactly as previously described (Döll et al 2005, Huwiler et al 2006. In brief, 30 mg protein extracts and 10 ml of 1 mM sphingosine (dissolved in 1 mg/ml BSA) were mixed with SK-1 buffer (20 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 20% glycerol, 1 mM mercaptoethanol, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM sodium orthovanadate, 40 mM b-glycerophosphate, 15 mM NaF, 10 mg/ml leupeptin, 10 mg/ml aprotinin, 10 mg/ ml soybean trypsin inhibitor, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride) in a total volume of 190 ml.…”