The epidemiology of transfusion‐associated hepatitis C in a children's hospital

Luban, Naomi L.C.; Colvin, Camilla; Mohan, Parvathi; Alter, Harvey J.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01162.x

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The initial infection in children is generally asymptomatic and not recognized. 19,20 Asymptomatic HCV seroconversions were also noted in the mothers of our infant cohort. 8,9 It was previously reported that HCV hepatitis detected in Egyptian communities was predominately flare-ups of chronic infections rather than acute infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…19,20,27 In the USA, Luban et al found that 4 of 43 (9%) post-transfusion HCV-infected children cleared viraemia as assessed by two negative RT-PCR tests 6 months apart, giving an estimated rate of clearance of 1.7% per year. 20 Forty-five percent of German children with a mean age of 2.8 years infected by HCV-contaminated blood products resolved their infections after a follow-up averaging 20 years. 27 It is possible a higher proportion of our infected children will clear the virus over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

Saleh

Shebl

El-Kamary

et al. 2010

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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A prospective study in three Egyptian villages (A, B and C) having a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection examined incidence of community-acquired HCV infection in children; 2852 uninfected infants were prospectively followed from birth for up to 5.5 years. Fifteen seroconverted for either HCV antibodies and/or HCV-RNA (incidence of 0.53%). Ten had both anti-HCV and HCV-RNA; four had only anti-HCV; and one had HCV-RNA in the absence of antibody. The incidence rate at all ages was 2.7/1000 person-years (PY). It was 3.8/1000 PY during infancy and 2.0/1000 PY for the 1–5-years age group. Hospitalization and low birth weight increased the risk of infection; while living in village B, the family having a higher socioeconomic status, and advanced maternal education were protective. Six of eight HCV-infected infants reported iatrogenic exposures (e.g. hospitalization, therapeutic injections, ear piercing) prior to infection whereas only 2/7 children older than 1 year reported these exposures. Having an HCV-positive mother was the only other reported risk in two of these older children. The virus cleared in six (40%) children by the end of follow-up. Health education targeting iatrogenic exposures and focusing on risk factors could reduce HCV infection in children in high-risk populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

Saleh

Shebl

El-Kamary

et al. 2010

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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“…As well, survival rates at specific periods after transfusion were not reported. Luban and colleagues 14 recently reported the results of a general lookback study performed in order to determine the epidemiology of transfusion‐associated HCV in the pediatric population served by one large, tertiary‐care pediatric institution. Of the 5473 eligible patients, 4726 (86%) were retrievable and 618 (13%) of these were deceased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term survival rate of pediatric patients after blood transfusion

et al. 2008

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“…Since 1992, blood units transfused have mostly been free of HCV which is estimated to be 0.01%–0.001% per transfusion. (37) Therefore most new HCV-infected cases have occurred through vertical transmission. (35) Maternal-fetal (vertical transmission) accounts for >60% of children with HCV and approximately 5% of infants are born to HCV-RNA positive woman.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C

Karnsakul

Schwarz

2017

Pediatric Clinics of North America

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Synopsis Provide a brief summary of your article (100 to 150 words; no references or figures/tables). The synopsis appears only in the table of contents and is often used by indexing services such as PubMed Chronic viral hepatitis continues to be a global health threat and a financial burden. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are the most common causes of chronic viral hepatitis in the United States. The majority of cases are asymptomatic during childhood and young adulthood. Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are rare during childhood but commonly expected in adulthood. Efforts from worldwide health organizations, pharmaceutical industries, and clinical and research institutions have resulted in much new knowledge, very effective therapy for HCV-infected children and the promise of new effective therapies for HBV-infected children. For HCV-infected children the current standard of care is pegylated interferon and ribavirin but clinical trials with highly effective direct acting antiviral agents are currently underway in the pediatric age group. There are currently 5 FDA-approved agents for HBV-infected children: alpha-interferon, lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, and entecavir. However treatment with these agents seldom results in a functional cure and more effective therapies are urgently needed

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The epidemiology of transfusion‐associated hepatitis C in a children's hospital

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

Long‐term survival rate of pediatric patients after blood transfusion

Hepatitis B and C

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