The epidemiology of the association between hypertension and menopause

Staessen, Jan A.; Celis, Hilde; Fagard, Robert

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000670

Cited by 85 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A higher prevalence of each factor and the MS among menopausal women than among women of childbearing age is the most common result. In the 1980s and 1990s, Staessen et al demonstrated that menopausal women and older women had higher BP than premenopausal and younger women 26,27 . In 1987, Villecco et al 28 found a "temporary increase in BP, related to ovarian failure."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Síndrome metabólica e menopausa: estudo transversal em ambulatório de ginecologia

Neto¹,

Figueredo²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Síndrome metabólica e menopausa: estudo transversal em ambulatório de ginecologia

Neto¹,

Figueredo²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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“…The majority of studies have tackled this topic according to a cross-sectional analysis. Some authors have found higher levels of BP, 18,29 serum lipids, 18,21 circulating adrenaline 18 and plasma fibrinogen, 30 as well as endothelial dysfunction, 31 in naturallymenopausal in comparison to fertile women. In other surveys, on the contrary, no unfavourable effect on blood lipids 25,32 or BP 21,32,33 have been observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure and metabolic profile after surgical menopause: comparison with fertile and naturally-menopausal women

et al. 2000

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In 1978 a random sample (367 men and 568 women aged 18-65 years) taken from the general population of a north-eastern Italian town was screened for cardiovascular risk; 16 years later, the women were invited to a second screening. Three groups were identified at the initial screening (fertile, naturally menopausal and surgically menopausal) and four in the longitudinal study (137 remained fertile during the whole study, 205 became naturally menopausal, 56 were ovariectomised and 127 were already going through the menopause). The protocol included a questionnaire, blood pressure (BP) measurement, and blood exams. Continuous variables were adjusted for confounders. Systolic BP, prevalence of hypertension, cholesterol, glycaemia and uricaemia were similar, whereas diastolic and triglycerides (TG) were lower in surgically-menopausal than in fertile women (P Ͻ 0.001). No significant difference in 16 years' variation from baseline was observed between

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“…BP is also known to increase more steeply around the age range during which women reach menopause. Whether this is related to menopause and, if related, is caused by a concomitant increase in age and BMI is still debated (Staessen et al, 1998). Further research regarding the association between menopausal status and hypertension should be encouraged among rural women in the Chinese population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between body mass index and incident hypertension in rural women in China

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and incident hypertension in a cohort of rural women in the Chinese population. Subjects/Methods: A population-based sample of 11 468 rural Chinese women aged X35 years and free from hypertension at baseline were followed-up from 2004-2006 to 2008. We calculated BMI from measured weight and height. Incident hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (BP) X140 mm Hg, diastolic BPX90 mm Hg or current use of antihypertensive medications. Results: During a median follow-up of 28 months, 2666 participants developed hypertension. Higher baseline BMI, even within the 'normal' range, was consistently associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Compared with participants in the lowest BMI quintile (18.5-21.1 kg/m 2 ), the multivariable-adjusted relative risks (95% confidence interval) of developing hypertension for women with a BMI of 21.2 to 22.4, 22.5 to 23.7, 23.8 to 25.4 and X25.4 kg/m 2 were 1.200 (1.058-1.361), 1.250 (1.100-1.419), 1.466 (1.291-1.666) and 1.785 (1.584-2.012), respectively (P for trend, o0.001). Further adjustment for baseline BP did not substantially alter these results. We found similar associations using other BMI categories and after excluding women with smoking history at baseline. The pattern of association also existed among old women (age X55 years). Conclusions:In this large cohort, we found a strong gradient association between higher BMI and increased risk of hypertension, even among older women within the normal BMI range. Clinicians should emphasize the importance of weight management for the primary prevention of hypertension in rural women in the Chinese population.

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The epidemiology of the association between hypertension and menopause

Cited by 85 publications

References 40 publications

Síndrome metabólica e menopausa: estudo transversal em ambulatório de ginecologia

Síndrome metabólica e menopausa: estudo transversal em ambulatório de ginecologia

Blood pressure and metabolic profile after surgical menopause: comparison with fertile and naturally-menopausal women

The association between body mass index and incident hypertension in rural women in China

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