The epidemiology of out-of-hospital ‘sudden’ cardiac arrest

Engdahl, Johan; Holmberg, Mikael; Karlson, BW; Luepker, Russell V.; Herlitz, Johan

doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(01)00464-6

Cited by 189 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Males have a shorter lifespan than females. Commonly, a patriarch (or husband) at retirement age is the one with the first at-home family member-witnessed OHCA, as demonstrated in this study and others [19,20]. According to the Japanese national census [10], males are more likely to be employed or attending school than females (91.7% vs. 73.5%) in the working population (15-59 years).…”

Section: Differences In Bystander Response Among the Three Groupssupporting

confidence: 53%

Potential association of bystander–patient relationship with bystander response and patient survival in daytime out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

et al. 2015

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Aims -To investigate whether the bystander-patient relationship affects bystander response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and patient outcomes depending on the time of day. Results-The rates of dispatcher-assisted CPR during daytime (7:00-18:59) and nighttime (19:00-6:59) were highest in family members (45.6% and 46.1%, respectively, for family members; 28.7% and 29.2%, respectively, for friends/colleagues; and 28.1% and 25.3%, respectively, for others). However, the BCPR rates were lowest in family members (35.5% and 37.8%, respectively, for family members; 43.7% and 37.8%, respectively, for friends/colleagues; and 59.3% and 50.0%, respectively, for others). Large delays (≥5 min) in placing emergency calls and initiating BCPR were most frequent in family members. The overall survival rate was lowest (2.7%) for family members and highest (9.1%) for friends/colleagues during daytime. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the effect of bystander relationship on survival 3 was significant only during daytime [adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for survival from daytime OHCAs with family as reference were 1.51 (1.36-1.68) for friends/colleagues and 1.23 (1.13-1.34) for others]. Methods-ThisConclusions-Family members are least likely to perform BCPR and OHCAs witnessed by family members are least likely to survive during daytime. Different strategies are required for family-witnessed OHCAs.

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Section: Differences In Bystander Response Among the Three Groupssupporting

confidence: 53%

Potential association of bystander–patient relationship with bystander response and patient survival in daytime out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

et al. 2015

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“…The new framework also suggests that information about the location of arrest and whether bystanders are present should be provided. As pointed out by some reports 6,17 , more than two-thirds of OHCA cases are found at the patient's house, so the suggested additional information will allow us to undertake more detailed investigations regarding factors related to the incidence of OHCA. It will open up new opportunities to enhance our preventive epidemiological research as well as improve the present emergency protocol for OHCA in the near future.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, several studies have investigated the extent to which the chances of resuscitation and survival vary over different conditions [6][7][8][9][10] including the types of symptoms, treatment provided [11][12][13] , patients' attributes 14,15 and situations 5,[16][17][18][19][20] . These previous studies have mostly utilized monthly observations of OHCA cases that had already occurred to investigate outcomes in relation to emergency care procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The daily incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest unexpectedly increases around New Year's Day in Japan

Takahashi

Shimadzu

2015

Resuscitation

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“…1,2 Approximately 1% to 6% of patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest ultimately survive the event, and although survival rates are somewhat better for in-hospital arrest patients, a recent comprehensive report observed that only 17% of these patients were discharged alive. [3][4][5] In an effort to improve cardiac arrest outcomes, recent investigations have focused on the timing and quality of CPR. For example, a study of in-hospital resuscitation showed that even short delays in the initiation of CPR correlated with poor outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chest Compression Rates During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Are Suboptimal

et al. 2005

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Background-Recent data highlight a vital link between well-performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival after cardiac arrest; however, the quality of CPR as actually performed by trained healthcare providers is largely unknown. We sought to measure in-hospital chest compression rates and to determine compliance with published international guidelines. Methods and Results-We developed and validated a handheld recording device to measure chest compression rate as a surrogate for CPR quality. A prospective observational study of adult cardiac arrests was performed at 3 hospitals from April 2002 to October 2003. Resuscitations were witnessed by trained observers using a customized personal digital assistant programmed to store the exact time of each chest compression, allowing offline calculation of compression rates at serial time points. In 97 arrests, data from 813 minutes during which chest compressions were delivered were analyzed in 30-second time segments. In 36.9% of the total number of segments, compression rates were Ͻ80 compressions per minute (cpm), and 21.7% had rates Ͻ70 cpm. Higher chest compression rates were significantly correlated with initial return of spontaneous circulation (mean chest compression rates for initial survivors and nonsurvivors, 90Ϯ17 and 79Ϯ18 cpm, respectively; Pϭ0.0033). Conclusions-In-hospital chest compression rates were below published resuscitation recommendations, and suboptimal compression rates in our study correlated with poor return of spontaneous circulation. CPR quality is likely a critical determinant of survival after cardiac arrest, suggesting the need for routine measurement, monitoring, and feedback systems during actual resuscitation. (Circulation. 2005;111:428-434.)

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The epidemiology of out-of-hospital ‘sudden’ cardiac arrest

Cited by 189 publications

References 126 publications

Potential association of bystander–patient relationship with bystander response and patient survival in daytime out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Potential association of bystander–patient relationship with bystander response and patient survival in daytime out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

The daily incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest unexpectedly increases around New Year's Day in Japan

Chest Compression Rates During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Are Suboptimal

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