The epidemiology of mouth cancer: a review of global incidence

Moore, SR; Johnson, Newell W.; Pierce, AM; Df, Wilson

doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2000.tb00104.x

Cited by 322 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Comparative worldwide studies have reported its incidence to be much higher in India (Moore et al, 2000;Mishra and Meherotra, 2014). In Chennai, India, oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) represents 5% and 1.6% of incident cancers of all sites among males and females respectively as per the reports of population based cancer registry of the National Cancer Registry Program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Stratification of Early Stage Oral Tongue Cancers Based on HPV Status and p16 Immunoexpression

Ramshankar¹,

Soundara²,

Shyamsundar³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Recent epidemiological data have implicated human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of head and neck cancers, especially oropharyngeal cancers. Although, HPV has been detected in varied amounts in persons with oral dysplasia, leukoplakias and malignancies, its involvement in oral tongue carcinogenesis remains ambiguous. Materials and Methods: HPV DNA prevalence was assessed by PCR with formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections (n=167) of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients and the physical status of the HPV16 DNA was assessed by qPCR. Immunohistochemistry was conducted for p16 evaluation. Results: We found the HPV prevalence in tongue cancers to be 51.2%, HPV 16 being present in 85.2% of the positive cases. A notable finding was a very poor concordance between HPV 16 DNA and p16 IHC findings (kappa<0.2). Further molecular classification of patients based on HPV16 DNA prevalence and p16 overexpression showed that patients with tumours showing p16 overexpression had increased hazard of death (HR=2.395; p=0.005) and disease recurrence (HR=2.581; p=0.002) irrespective of their HPV 16 DNA status. Conclusions: Our study has brought out several key facets which can potentially redefine our understanding of tongue cancer tumorigenesis. It has emphatically shown p16 overexpression to be a single important prognostic variable in defining a high risk group and depicting a poorer prognosis, thus highlighting the need for its routine assessment in tongue cancers. Another significant finding was a very poor concordance between p16 expression and HPV infection suggesting that p16 expression should possibly not be used as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in tongue cancers. Interestingly, the prognostic significance of p16 overexpression is different from that reported in oropharyngeal cancers. The mechanism of HPV independent p16 over expression in oral tongue cancers is possibly a distinct entity and needs to be further studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Stratification of Early Stage Oral Tongue Cancers Based on HPV Status and p16 Immunoexpression

Ramshankar¹,

Soundara²,

Shyamsundar³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…The trends in epidemiology of oral cancer in Asia in the past decade (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) shows oral tongue as the most frequently affected site (Krishna et al, 2013). Earlier studies report a higher incidence of OTSCC in India compared to other countries (Moore et al, 2000;Elango et al, 2006;Krishnamurthy et al, 2013;Mishra et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p53 Expression Helps Identify High Risk Oral Tongue Premalignant Lesions and Correlates with Patterns of Invasive Tumour Front and Tumour Depth in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cases

Thangaraj

Shyamsundar²,

Ramani³

et al. 2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is the most common oral cancer subtype with a maximum propensity for regional spread. Our objective was to study if p53 expression might have any correlation with aggressive patterns of invasion within oral tongue cancers as well as with the histologically identified degree of oral tongue dysplasia. p53 immunoexpression was studied using immunohistochemistry in early staged OTSCCs (n=155), oral tongue dysplasias, (n=29) and oral tongue normal specimens (n=10) and evaluated for correlations with histological and clinicopathological parameters. Our study (n=194) showed a pattern of p53 expression increasing with different grades of tongue dysplasia to different grades of invasive OTSCC (p=0.000). Among the OTSCC tumours, positive p53 expression was seen in 43.2% (67/155) and a higher p53 labelling index was significantly associated with increased Bryne's grade of the tumour invasive front (p=0.039) and increased tumour depth (p=0.018). Among the OTSCC patients with tobacco habits, (n=91), a higher p53 labelling index was significantly associated with increased risk of local recurrence (p=0.025) and with lymphovascular space involvement (p=0.014). Evaluation of p53 through varying degrees of dysplasia to oral tongue cancer indicates that p53 expression is linked to aggressive features of oral tongue cancers and tongue precancers entailing a closer monitoring in positive cases. Among the OTSCCs, p53 expression is associated with tumour aggressiveness correlating with increased grading of invasive tumour front and tumour depth.

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“…Because oral cancer is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and metastasize distantly an approach to decrease tumor's ability to invade and metastasize may facilitate the development of effective adjuvant therapy (10). Oral squamous cell carcinoma is highly resistant to conventional chemotherapy or radiation therapy and the current treatment strategy for carcinomas attempts to attack homogenous cancerous tissues thus the development of novel anticancer drugs is a simple method for remedy of cancer (11). The variability of clinical outcomes in oral cancer patients and the heterogeneity of the disease are the main challenges for the improvement of current treatment modalities (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Effect of Thymus caramanicus Jalas on Human Oral Epidermoid Carcinoma KB Cells

et al. 2017

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Identifying new chemotherapeutic agents with fewer side effects is a major concern for scientists today. Thymus caramanicus Jalas (Lamiaceae family) is one of the species of Thymus that grows wild in different regions of Iran. Traditionally, leaves of this plant are used in the treatment of diabetes, arthritis and cancer. Here was investigated the cytotoxic property of Thymus caramanicus essential oil and extract in human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. Cell viability was measured by MTT and neutral red assays. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of essential oil (0.05-1 µL/mL) and extract (25-150 µg/mL) for 24 h. Doxorubicin was used as anticancer control drug. The data showed that the essential oil (IC50=0.44 µL/mL) and extract (IC50=105 µg/mL) induce potent cytotoxic property. Surprisingly, cytotoxic effects of essential oil and extract of this plant on KB cancer cells were greater than those on normal gingival HGF1-PI1 cell line. In addition, Thymus caramanicus could potentiate the effect of doxorubicin in subeffective concentrations. The results of the present study indicate that essential oils and extracts of Thymus caramanicus have potential anti-proliferative property on KB cells and can be used as pharmaceutical case study for oral cancer treatments.

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The epidemiology of mouth cancer: a review of global incidence

Cited by 322 publications

References 43 publications

Risk Stratification of Early Stage Oral Tongue Cancers Based on HPV Status and p16 Immunoexpression

Risk Stratification of Early Stage Oral Tongue Cancers Based on HPV Status and p16 Immunoexpression

p53 Expression Helps Identify High Risk Oral Tongue Premalignant Lesions and Correlates with Patterns of Invasive Tumour Front and Tumour Depth in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cases

Cytotoxic Effect of Thymus caramanicus Jalas on Human Oral Epidermoid Carcinoma KB Cells

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