The epidemiology of human T‐cell lymphotropic virus types I and <scp>II</scp> in Canadian blood donors

O’Brien, Sheila F; Goldman, Mindy; Scalia, Vito; Yi, Qilong; Wang, Fan; Xi, Guoliang; Dines, I; Fearon, Margaret

doi:10.1111/tme.12057

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…29,30 HBV and HTLV infections are strongly associated with country of birth. 16,19,[31][32][33] In Dutch new donors, the majority of HBV and HTLV infections was linked to firstgeneration migrants from Asia (in particular Turkey) and Latin America (Surinam plus the Dutch Caribbean), respectively. In contrast, acute HBV and HTLV infections almost exclusively occurred in "indigenous" Dutch donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two decades of risk factors and transfusion‐transmissible infections in Dutch blood donors

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two decades of risk factors and transfusion‐transmissible infections in Dutch blood donors

et al. 2015

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“…Although not a formal retrospective study, a look back study by Kleinman et al in the same era showed that 16 of 54 (30%) evaluable recipients of blood products from HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 infected donors themselves became infected [6]. In a Canadian lookback study, of 109 HTLV-positive donors, 508 components were transfused, of whom 147 recipients were tested and 18 (12%) were positive [7]. …”

Section: Early Epidemiologic Studies Of Transfusion Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Canada, there was only one incident case of HTLV infection from 2007–2010 for an estimated incidence of 0.09 per 10 5 and a residual risk of 0.13 per 10 6 [7]. Similarly, incidence has been estimated to be 3.59 per 10 5 in Brazil from 2007–2009 with residual transfusion risk of 5.0 per 10 6 per blood products transfused [19].…”

Section: Htlv-1 and -2 Incidence And Residual Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection with human T-lymphotropic virus types-1 and -2 (HTLV-1 and -2): Implications for blood transfusion safety

Murphy

2016

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique

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Many countries currently perform antibody screening for HTLV-1 infection in blood donors, and this intervention is likely cost-effective in preventing HTLV-1 related diseases in high prevalence countries. However, a number of high-income countries with low prevalence of HTLV-1 infection also perform universal HTLV-1 screening and debate has arisen regarding the cost-effectiveness of these strategies. Filter-based leukoreduction is likely to substantially reduce HTLV-1 transmission by removing infected lymphocytes, but actual laboratory data on its efficacy is currently lacking. Similarly, cost-effectiveness research on HTLV-1 prevention strategies is limited by poor data on prevalence, transmission efficacy and the cost of treating HTLV1 diseases.

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“…HTLV‐II appears to be more associated with the Americas, particularly indigenous peoples and intravenous drug users. The HTLV rate in Canadian blood donors is about 1 per 100 000 donations of which about one quarter are HTLV‐II . This trend has not changed in more than 20 years of monitoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This trend has not changed in more than 20 years of monitoring. The main risk factors in donors with HTLV‐I are history of other sexually transmitted diseases and being born outside Canada/USA, while HTLV‐II‐positive donors are generally born in Canada and tend to have sexual risk factors . Importantly, most HTLV‐positive donations are from first‐time donors and are very rare among repeat donors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus: A simulation model to estimate residual risk with universal leucoreduction and testing strategies in Canada

O’Brien

Goldman

et al. 2018

Vox Sanguinis

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Background and Objectives In Canada, transfusion transmission risk of Human T-cell lymphotropic virus -I/II (HTLV) is addressed by universal leucoreduction and universal antibody testing. We aimed to estimate the risk with the current policy, if testing only first-time donors and if testing were stopped. Materials and MethodsMonte Carlo simulation was employed to estimate the proportion of red cell concentrate, random donor platelet and apheresis platelet units that would be released into inventory in each scenario (10 billion donors each). The model estimated the number of HTLV-positive donations not intercepted by testing, randomly assigned the number of HTLV particles/100 leucocytes using proportions from published data and randomly selected a postleucoreduction leucocyte count from quality control data. Units were considered infectious if ≥9 9 10 4 copies of HTLV provirus.Results With universal leucoreduction in place, the residual risk of releasing an HTLV potentially infectious unit with universal testing was 1 in 1Á2 billion units (0, 1 in 55Á9 million), with testing only first-time donors 1 in 7Á1 million (0, 1 in 1Á05 million) and with no testing 1 in 1Á0 million (0, 1 in 178 600). The efficacy of leucoreduction was >99Á5% (lower bound 95Á7%) for all scenarios.Conclusion With universal leucoreduction in place, switching from universal testing to testing first-time donors would incur very low risk.

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The epidemiology of human T‐cell lymphotropic virus types I and II in Canadian blood donors

Abstract: With testing of the blood supply, the risk from HTLV is very low and while most HTLV-positive donors have risk factors, deferrable risk is rare.

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Two decades of risk factors and transfusion‐transmissible infections in Dutch blood donors

Two decades of risk factors and transfusion‐transmissible infections in Dutch blood donors

Infection with human T-lymphotropic virus types-1 and -2 (HTLV-1 and -2): Implications for blood transfusion safety

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus: A simulation model to estimate residual risk with universal leucoreduction and testing strategies in Canada

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