The Epidemiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Varicose Veins

Beebe‐Dimmer, Jennifer L.; Pfeifer, John; Engle, Jennifer; Schottenfeld, David

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.015

Cited by 816 publications

(754 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This finding agrees with other studies which found left sided involvement in the range of 53.8-65% [17,20,21,24]. This is because venous drainage through the pelvis follows a more tortuous course in the left lower limb due to the fact that the right common iliac artery traverses over the left common iliac vein enhancing the risk of the left side [13]. In other studies however, right sided varicose veins account for 69.9% and bilaterality in 46.2-61.3% [17,20,21,24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This agrees with findings in our study where occupation with prolonged standing constituted the greatest majority of 20 (44.44%), (Figure 1). The secondary types have known causes, such as deepvein thrombosis, atriovenous fistula, pelvic mass(es), like pregnancy, tumours or previous pelvic surgeries causing adhesions, obesity, smoking, and gender [12][13][14]. The incidence of varicose veins is highly variable, fluctuating around factors such as age, sex and geography [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Management of Varicose Veins of the Lower Extremities: A 10-year Institutional Experience

Ia¹,

Jc²,

Ezemba³

et al. 2017

Vasc Med Surg

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Varicose Veins of the Lower Extremities: A 10-year Institutional Experience

Ia¹,

Jc²,

Ezemba³

et al. 2017

Vasc Med Surg

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“…Prevalence is high, being about 20% to 73% in females and 15% to 56% in males [5][6] . Elastic compression stockings are the initial treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of venous hemodynamics and quality of live at least five years after varicose vein stripping

et al. 2013

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PURPOSE:To assess venous hemodynamics and quality of life at lest five years after varicose vein stripping. METHODS:We conducted a prospective study with 39 patients (63 limbs) with primary lower limbs varicose veins. Preoperatively, all patients were subjected to clinical evaluation, duplex ultrassound, air plethysmography (APG), and CIVIQ questionnaire of quality of life. By APG, venous filling index (VFI), ejection fraction (EF), and residual volume fraction (RVF) were determined. CIVIQ addresses four domains in course of 20 questions, including states of physical, social, and psychological well-being, and pain level. Varicose veins were treated by standard venous stripping. At least five years after surgery (77.9 ± 10.9 months), patients were reassessed and had clinical examination, duplex ultrasound, APG, and CIVIQ repeated. No late follow-up data was available for 24 patients. RESULTS:Preoperative and late postoperative VFI levels were similar, whereas EF (P=0.05) and RVF (P=0.01), as hemodynamic variables, significantly improved following surgery. In the late postoperative period, overall CIVIQ scores were significantly lower (P=0.005), as were scores in all four domains: pain (P=0.001), physical (P=0.007), social (P=0.008), and psychological (P= 0.05). CONCLUSION:In a small prospective cohort, improvements in venous hemodynamics and in quality of life of patients submitted to standard varicose veins stripping were maintained five years after the procedure.

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“…5) Older age and obesity are well-known risk factors for CVI. 6) In addition, any condition that impacts the calf muscle pump, such as immobility, 7,8) ankle dysfunction, or loss of muscle bulk, 9) as well as prolonged standing 10,11) can potentially result in CVI. In the current study, we reviewed patients who presented with symptoms typically seen in CVI without major abnormalities on DUS, and investigated whether these patients had any of above-described risk factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors in Patients with Venous Stasis-Related Skin Lesions without Major Abnormalities on Duplex Ultrasonography

Suehiro

Morikage

Yamashita

et al. 2016

Annals of Vascular Diseases

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Purpose: To clarify the risk factors for venous stasis-related skin lesions in the legs in patients without major abnormalities on duplex ultrasonography (DUS). Methods: Fifty patients (nine males and 41 females, age 27-93 years) with symptoms of C4 or greater according to the Clinical, Etiological, Anatomical, Pathological (CEAP) classification, but having no abnormalities on DUS were reviewed for known risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) such as older age (>70 years), obesity (body mass index [BMI] >30 kg/m 2 ), short walking distance (<200 m/day), reduced ankle range of motion (<20°), and occupation requiring prolonged standing (>8h per day). Results: The risk factor was different between male and female patients; although all patients had at least one of the above risk factors, the most commonly found risk factor in male patients was occupation requiring prolonged standing (63%), while advanced age (78%) and limited walking distance (83%) were risk factors in female patients. Conclusions: Although male and female patients had different risk factors, insufficient walking seemed to be closely related to the development of venous stasis-related skin lesions.

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The Epidemiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Varicose Veins

Cited by 816 publications

References 66 publications

Management of Varicose Veins of the Lower Extremities: A 10-year Institutional Experience

Management of Varicose Veins of the Lower Extremities: A 10-year Institutional Experience

A prospective study of venous hemodynamics and quality of live at least five years after varicose vein stripping

Risk Factors in Patients with Venous Stasis-Related Skin Lesions without Major Abnormalities on Duplex Ultrasonography

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