The Epidemiology of Animal-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Kasela, Martyna; Ossowski, Mateusz; Dzikoń, Ewelina; Ignatiuk, Katarzyna; Wlazło, Łukasz; Malm, Anna

doi:10.3390/antibiotics12061079

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…The increasing number of resistant S. aureus strains, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and the huge impact on animal health and welfare causing major economic losses in livestock production drive the research for alternative or complementary approaches to fight them (Kasela et al 2023 ). Currently, one of the most promising strategies being explored is phage therapy which is based on the application of bacteriophages as antimicrobials (Strathdee et al 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of novel Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage Hesat from dairy origin

Turchi,

Campobasso,

Nardinocchi

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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A novel temperate phage, named Hesat, was isolated by the incubation of a dairy strain of Staphylococcusaureus belonging to spa-type t127 with either bovine or ovine milk. Hesat represents a new species of temperate phage within the Phietavirus genus of the Azeredovirinae subfamily. Its genome has a length of 43,129 bp and a GC content of 35.11% and contains 75 predicted ORFs, some of which linked to virulence. This includes (i) a pathogenicity island (SaPln2), homologous to the type II toxin-antitoxin system PemK/MazF family toxin; (ii) a DUF3113 protein (gp30) that is putatively involved in the derepression of the global repressor Stl; and (iii) a cluster coding for a PVL. Genomic analysis of the host strain indicates Hesat is a resident prophage. Interestingly, its induction was obtained by exposing the bacterium to milk, while the conventional mitomycin C–based approach failed. The host range of phage Hesat appears to be broad, as it was able to lyse 24 out of 30 tested S. aureus isolates. Furthermore, when tested at high titer (108 PFU/ml), Hesat phage was also able to lyse a Staphylococcus muscae isolate, a coagulase-negative staphylococcal strain. Key points • A new phage species was isolated from a Staphylococcus aureus bovine strain. • Pathogenicity island and PVL genes are encoded within phage genome. • The phage is active against most of S. aureus strains from both animal and human origins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of novel Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage Hesat from dairy origin

Turchi,

Campobasso,

Nardinocchi

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria, which are responsible for mastitis infections, are particularly dangerous. MRSA strains and other Staphylococcus species are also isolated from skin and limb infections and even directly from animal housing environments [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages for Controlling Staphylococcus spp. Pathogens on Dairy Cattle Farms: In Vitro Assessment

Pyzik,

Urban-Chmiel,

Kurek

et al. 2024

Animals

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Pathogenic Staphylococcus spp. strains are significant agents involved in mastitis and in skin and limb infections in dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of bacteriophages isolated from dairy cattle housing as potential tools for maintaining environmental homeostasis. The research will contribute to the use of phages as alternatives to antibiotics. The material was 56 samples obtained from dairy cows with signs of limb and hoof injuries. Staphylococcus species were identified by phenotypic, MALDI-TOF MS and PCR methods. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disc diffusion method. Phages were isolated from cattle housing systems. Phage activity (plaque forming units, PFU/mL) was determined on double-layer agar plates. Morphology was examined using TEM microscopy, and molecular characteristics were determined with PCR. Among 52 strains of Staphylococcus spp., 16 were used as hosts for bacteriophages. Nearly all isolates (94%, 15/16) showed resistance to neomycin, and 87% were resistant to spectinomycin. Cefuroxime and vancomycin were the most effective antibiotics. On the basis of their morphology, bacteriophages were identified as class Caudoviricetes, formerly Caudovirales, families Myoviridae-like (6), and Siphoviridae-like (9). Three bacteriophages of the family Myoviridae-like, with the broadest spectrum of activity, were used for further analysis. This study showed a wide spectrum of activity against the Staphylococcus spp. strains tested. The positive results indicate that bacteriophages can be used to improve the welfare of cattle.

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“…Antibiotic-resistant strains, such as MRSA, have presented significant challenges to treatment [8,9]. Apart from being one of the most common causes of infectious diseases in humans, MRSA is also a pathogen that significantly impacts animal welfare due to increased drug resistance and costs associated with it [10,11]. Vancomycinresistant S. aureus has only been diagnosed in a few isolated cases; however, it has not spread or established a permanent presence in healthcare facilities [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Protein Fingerprinting for Identifying and Discriminating Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Inpatient and Outpatient Clinics

Elbehiry,

Marzouk,

Moussa

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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In hospitals and other clinical settings, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a particularly dangerous pathogen that can cause serious or even fatal infections. Thus, the detection and differentiation of MRSA has become an urgent matter in order to provide appropriate treatment and timely intervention in infection control. To ensure this, laboratories must have access to the most up-to-date testing methods and technology available. This study was conducted to determine whether protein fingerprinting technology could be used to identify and distinguish MRSA recovered from both inpatients and outpatients. A total of 326 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 2800 in- and outpatient samples collected from King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2018 to March 2021. For the phenotypic identification of 326 probable S. aureus cultures, microscopic analysis, Gram staining, a tube coagulase test, a Staph ID 32 API system, and a Vitek 2 Compact system were used. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), referred to as protein fingerprinting, was performed on each bacterial isolate to determine its proteomic composition. As part of the analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a single-peak analysis of MALDI-TOF MS software were also used to distinguish between Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. According to the results, S. aureus isolates constituted 326 out of 2800 (11.64%) based on the culture technique. The Staph ID 32 API system and Vitek 2 Compact System were able to correctly identify 262 (80.7%) and 281 (86.2%) S. aureus strains, respectively. Based on the Oxacillin Disc Diffusion Method, 197 (62.23%) of 326 isolates of S. aureus exhibited a cefoxitin inhibition zone of less than 21 mm and an oxacillin inhibition zone of less than 10 mm, and were classified as MRSA under Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MALDI-TOF MS was able to correctly identify 100% of all S. aureus isolates with a score value equal to or greater than 2.00. In addition, a close relationship was found between S. aureus isolates and higher peak intensities in the mass ranges of 3990 Da, 4120 Da, and 5850 Da, which were found in MRSA isolates but absent in MSSA isolates. Therefore, protein fingerprinting has the potential to be used in clinical settings to rapidly detect and differentiate MRSA isolates, allowing for more targeted treatments and improved patient outcomes.

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The Epidemiology of Animal-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 6 publications

References 114 publications

Isolation and characterization of novel Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage Hesat from dairy origin

Isolation and characterization of novel Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage Hesat from dairy origin

Bacteriophages for Controlling Staphylococcus spp. Pathogens on Dairy Cattle Farms: In Vitro Assessment

Using Protein Fingerprinting for Identifying and Discriminating Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Inpatient and Outpatient Clinics

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