The Epidemiology of Adolescent Inhalant Drug Involvement

Neumark, Yehuda; Delva, Jorge; Anthony, James C.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.152.8.781

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Several studies have helped define the epidemiology of volatile substance abuse in the United States. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The peak age of inhalant abuse is 14 to 15 years, with onset in children as young as 5 or 6 years of age. Use typically declines by 17 to 19 years of age but can continue into adulthood.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalant Abuse

Williams¹,

Storck²

2007

Pediatrics

121

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Inhalant abuse is the intentional inhalation of a volatile substance for the purpose of achieving an altered mental state. As an important, yet-underrecognized form of substance abuse, inhalant abuse crosses all demographic, ethnic, and socioeconomic boundaries, causing significant morbidity and mortality in school-aged and older children. This clinical report reviews key aspects of inhalant abuse, emphasizes the need for greater awareness, and offers advice regarding the pediatrician's role in the prevention and management of this substance abuse problem.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalant Abuse

Williams¹,

Storck²

2007

Pediatrics

121

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“…Prior studies of adolescents aged 12 to 17 who participated in the 1990-1995 and 2000-2001 NHSDA surveys did not found gender differences in lifetime inhalant use (Neumark et al, 1998;Wu et al, 2004). This discrepancy is probably associated with agerelated gender differences in inhalant use: that is, younger females may be more likely than older females to use inhalants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Among youths, African Americans are the least likely to use inhalants, while whites tend to have the highest prevalence of such use, with the exception of American Indians (Beauvais et al, 2002;Mackesy-Amiti and Fendrich, 2000;McGarvey et al, 1999;Neumark et al, 1998). National surveys of Americans also have found a very low prevalence of drug use among Asians (OAS, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalant use and disorders among adults in the United States

Wu¹,

Ringwalt²

2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objective-To examine the patterns of adult inhalant use and correlates of inhalant use disorder.Method-We drew study data from the 2002 and 2003 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). We used logistic regression to identify the characteristics associated both with inhalant use and inhalant use disorder.Results-One in ten of all adults had used an inhalant at least once in their lives, and 0.5% used one in the past year. Among all past year inhalant users, 8% met the criteria for an inhalant use disorder (i.e., 6.6% for abuse and 1.1% for dependence) within that period. We found an increased prevalence of past year inhalant use among young adults aged 18-25, Asians, past year alcohol abusers and dependents, lifetime drug users, white women, and men reporting symptoms of serious mental illness. Inhalant-using adults who met the criteria for an inhalant use disorder were predominantly adults aged 35-49 and were less educated, had received recent professional treatment for emotional or psychological problems, used inhalants weekly, and had a coexisting alcohol use disorder. Conclusion-The patterns and consequences of adult inhalant use differ from those of adolescents. Compared with adolescent inhalant users, adult users tend not to initiate inhalant use until adulthood, use inhalants less frequently, use fewer inhalants, and are less likely to engage in criminal activities.

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“…In the 2010 National Drug Strategy Household Survey by the Australian government, inhalants were the first "drug" that youngsters abused, with experimentation occurring earlier than alcohol consumption or the use of products containing tobacco (1). Accordingly, adolescents contribute > 60% of the population of inhalant abusers, with a concerning 50% of these being ≤ 13 years of age (2) and > 77% continuing to misuse inhalants for periods greater than one year (3). Furthermore the high prevalence of inhalant misuse is considered a world-wide issue with similar figures reported in both the US (2,3) and Japan (4) and adolescent inhalant abuse being 7 times greater than that of the general population in Mexico (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Accordingly, adolescents contribute > 60% of the population of inhalant abusers, with a concerning 50% of these being ≤ 13 years of age (2) and > 77% continuing to misuse inhalants for periods greater than one year (3). Furthermore the high prevalence of inhalant misuse is considered a world-wide issue with similar figures reported in both the US (2,3) and Japan (4) and adolescent inhalant abuse being 7 times greater than that of the general population in Mexico (5). In Brazil up to 16% of students report misusing inhalants at least once, with the prevalence of inhalant misuse being higher than for any other drug (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Concepts and New Perspectives for Understanding the Addictive Properties of Inhalants

Duncan

Lawrence

2013

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. The abuse of inhaled chemical vapors is a growing problem especially among adolescent populations. This is partly driven by the fact that inhaled products are cheap, accessible, and provide a rapid 'high'. In the brain inhalants have multiple effects. They are neurotoxic, targeting primarily white matter pathways, which is believed to underlie the long-term neurological consequences associated with repeated use. Inhalants are also addictive, resulting in adaptive responses in pathways mediating reward and reinforcement. This includes an ability to alter dopaminergic cell firing and result in long-term mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic dysfunction. However, growing evidence suggests that the reinforcing properties of inhalants may also be driven by their ability to affect neurotransmitter systems other than the dopaminergic system. Both glutamatergic and g-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic systems are emerging as key targets of inhalants with differential responses observed following either acute or chronic exposures. These responses appear particularly important in circuits which appear vulnerable to inhalants and which can also modulate dopaminergic function such as the corticostriatal pathway. Thus in combination with the effects of inhalants on dopaminergic systems, our increased understanding of the role(s) of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems provide new and exciting targets to consider for intervention strategies to limit inhalant use.

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The Epidemiology of Adolescent Inhalant Drug Involvement

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Inhalant Abuse

Inhalant Abuse

Inhalant use and disorders among adults in the United States

Conventional Concepts and New Perspectives for Understanding the Addictive Properties of Inhalants

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