The Epidemiology of Accidents

Gordon, John E.

doi:10.2105/ajph.39.4.504

Cited by 225 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When considering accidents in the home and in the military, Gordon (1949) discovered that environment factors seemed to combine with the initiating event so that the resulting accident was out of proportion to the event. To characterize such accident, an "epidemiological approach" was proposed.…”

Section: Complex Linear System Models (Epidemiological Models)mentioning

confidence: 99%

What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find – The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals

Lundberg¹,

Rollenhagen²,

Hollnagel³

2009

Safety Science

271

144

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Lundberg, J., et al. What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find -The consequences of underlying accident models. Safety Sci. (2009Sci. ( ), doi:10.1016Sci. ( /j.ssci.2009 1 Article in press. Page numbers and formatting does not reflect print formatting and numbering. What you look for is what you find -The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals AbstractAccident investigation manuals are influential documents on various levels in a safety management system, and it is therefore important to appraise them in the light of what we currently know -or assume -about the nature of accidents. Investigation manuals necessarily embody or represent an accident model, i.e., a set of assumptions about how accidents happen and what the important factors are. In this paper we examine three aspects of accident investigation as described in a number of investigation manuals. Firstly, we focus on accident models and in particular the assumptions about how different factors interact to cause -or prevent -accidents, i.e., the accident "mechanisms." Secondly, we focus on the scope in the sense of the factors (or factor domains) that are considered in the models -for instance (hu)man, technology, and organisation (MTO). Thirdly, we focus on the system of investigation or the activities that together constitute an accident investigation project/process. We found that the manuals all used complex linear models. The factors considered were in general (hu)man, technology, organization, and information. Keywords: Accident investigation, accident models Lundberg, J., et al. What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find -The consequences of underlying accident models.

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Section: Complex Linear System Models (Epidemiological Models)mentioning

confidence: 99%

What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find – The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals

Lundberg¹,

Rollenhagen²,

Hollnagel³

2009

Safety Science

271

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Gordon [10] stated that causative agent for DA is to be considered against environmental back ground which contains situation representing varying degrees of risk of an accident. How- ]5 (4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Domestic Accidents (Da) in an Airforce Community

Mukhopadhya

1998

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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1420 members of 360 families were studied for incidence of domestic accidents (DA) over a period of one year. Average incidence of DA was 110.56 per 1000 per year. Statistically significant bimodal distribution of above-average incidence was seen under 15 and above 36 years age group. Incidence ofDA was inversely related to literacy and economic status of the population. Commonest type of accident was fall (54.1 %) injuring lower lim bs in majority of cases (40.1 %). Commonest place of accident was garden/ compound (34.39%) and most of the accidents occurred between 1400-2000 hours (49.94%). Interaction of certain predisposing factors was found significant in the occurrenCe of DA. Further community studies have been suggested to create awareness regarding prevention of DA among the families. MJAFII998; 54 :

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“…The first was the influx of American physicians into the safety domain. They questioned the lack of progress surrounding safety research and accident prevention and went on to introduce the epidemiological triangle (Figure 2), a model that was very effective in the fight against cholera in the nineteenth century (Swuste et al, 2014;Gordon, 1949;Haddon, 1968).…”

Section: The Post-war Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is big data risk assessment a novelty?

Swuste

2016

Safety and Reliability

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Objective: What metaphors, models and theories were developed in the safety science domain? And which research was based upon 'big data'? Method: The study was confined to original articles and documents, written in English or Dutch from the period under consideration. Results and conclusions: From the start of the 20th century, human error was a dominant explanation for causes of occupational accidents. Although external factors were seen as main contributors, it was not till after World War II when scenario analysis was conducted in detail. The main drivers were the upscaling op the process industry in this period, as well as the introduction of high hazardous industries, like aerospace and nuclear sector, and consequently disasters occurring in these sectors. Already from the beginning, big data research was no exception in the safety science domain. 'Big' in this context is defined by numbers.

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The Epidemiology of Accidents

Cited by 225 publications

References 5 publications

What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find – The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals

What-You-Look-For-Is-What-You-Find – The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals

A Study of Domestic Accidents (Da) in an Airforce Community

Is big data risk assessment a novelty?

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