The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis and Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: An Update

Reynolds, Dan; Kollef, Marin H.

doi:10.1007/s40265-021-01635-6

Cited by 286 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…The major risk factors for P. aeruginosa infections are structural lung diseases, hematological neoplasms, transplantation, skin burns, recent use of antibiotics, presence of implants, prolonged hospitalization, and mechanical ventilation [ 17 ].…”

Section: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Review

et al. 2022

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with several human infections, mainly related to healthcare services. In the hospital, it is associated with resistance to several antibiotics, which poses a great challenge to therapy. However, one of the biggest challenges in treating P. aeruginosa infections is that related to biofilms. The complex structure of the P. aeruginosa biofilm contributes an additional factor to the pathogenicity of this microorganism, leading to therapeutic failure, in addition to escape from the immune system, and generating chronic infections that are difficult to eradicate. In this review, we address several molecular aspects of the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa biofilms.

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Section: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…1 It is a very common opportunistic pathogen that can normally be present on the skin of healthy individuals but may cause serious infection in the case of immunocompromised patients with haematological malignancies. 2 , 3 Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa has been classified as a critically important pathogen by the WHO in the year 2017 because of its ability and resilience to develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the most commonly used antimicrobial drugs required for life-threatening infections. Hence, new antibiotics are urgently required in order to tackle the silent pandemic of AMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Co-Harbouring blaNDM-1 Metallo β-Lactamase and mcr-1 Isolated from Immunocompromised Paediatric Patients

Chen¹,

Mai²,

Lopes³

et al. 2022

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Background The rising resistance to carbapenems in Gram-negative bacteria worldwide poses a major clinical and public health risk. This study aimed to characterise carbapenem- and colistin-resistance genes, bla NDM-1 and mcr-1 located on IncX4 plasmid in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa , isolated from paediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy as a result of leukaemia. Methods In this study, six carbapenem-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from two paediatric patients under chemotherapy treatment (1.8 years old female and 2.1 years male) from the Shenzhen Hospital, China, in the year 2019. Isolates were screened for conventional antibiotics such as tobramycin, cefepime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin in additional colistin by using the broth dilution method. Furthermore, resistance determinants: mcr-1, bla NDM-1, bla KPC-1, and bla GES were screened using PCR and sequencing followed by multi-locus sequence typing. The horizontal gene transfer and location of mcr-1 and bla NDM-1 were determined by a liquid mating assay. In addition, Incompatibility type (Inc), PCR-based replicon type, and subgroup (MOB) of plasmid were studied. Results The screening for conventional antibiotics isolates showed 100% resistance to all the tested antibiotics except tobramycin. All isolates harboured carbapenemase encoding bla NDM-1 , of which three also had mcr-1 located on a single IncX4 transferable plasmid. MLST typing revealed that four strains had a novel (new) STs type, while two belonged to ST1966. Conclusion This study identified for the first time colistin- and carbapenem-resistant MDR P. aeruginosa in paediatric patients with leukaemia in Shenzhen, China. It highlights the need for continuous surveillance in high-risk clones of MDR P. aeruginosa . Prudent use of antibiotics based on local antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical characteristics can help in reducing mortality in immunocompromised patients.

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“…The high morbidity and mortality associated with the organism were noted in immunosuppressed patients with pulmonary diseases (e.g., cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and disseminated infections ( 1 – 3 ). Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa is increasingly observed worldwide ( 4 ). Handling the infections by extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa (XDRPA) is challenging due to their complicated intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance mechanisms ( 4 – 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa is increasingly observed worldwide ( 4 ). Handling the infections by extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa (XDRPA) is challenging due to their complicated intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance mechanisms ( 4 – 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Activity of Imipenem in Combination with Ceftazidime/Avibactam or Avibactam against Non-MBL-Producing Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2022

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Handling the infections by extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDRPA) strains is challenging due to their complicated antibiotic resistance mechanisms in immunosuppressed patients with pulmonary diseases (e.g., cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung transplant), ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. The current study suggested the potentiality of the ceftazidime-avibactam-imipenem combination against XDRPA with bla AmpC overexpression or mutation, decreased OprD porin, and/or upregulated efflux pumps.

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The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis and Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: An Update

Cited by 286 publications

References 139 publications

Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Review

Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Review

Novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Co-Harbouring blaNDM-1 Metallo β-Lactamase and mcr-1 Isolated from Immunocompromised Paediatric Patients

Synergistic Activity of Imipenem in Combination with Ceftazidime/Avibactam or Avibactam against Non-MBL-Producing Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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