The Epidemiological Study of Mongolism in Baltimore*

Cohen, Bernice H.; Lilienfeld, Abraham M.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1970.tb39341.x

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…First, our findings are not inconsistent with the strong evidence suggesting that advanced maternal age is associated with negative birth outcomes (Andersen et al 2000; Cohen and Lilienfeld 1970; Misra and Ananth 2002). Adult health is characterized by complex, multidimensional etiology, while negative birth outcomes such as malformations and chromosomal abnormalities typically reflect less complex disease processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

Maternal Age and Offspring Adult Health: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study

2012

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Advanced maternal age is associated with negative offspring health outcomes. This interpretation often relies on physiological processes related to aging, such as decreasing oocyte quality. We use a large, population-based sample of American adults to analyze how selection and lifespan overlap between generations influence the maternal age–offspring adult health association. We find that offspring born to mothers younger than age 25 or older than 35 have worse outcomes with respect to mortality, self-rated health, height, obesity, and the number of diagnosed conditions than those born to mothers aged 25–34. Controls for maternal education and age at which the child lost the mother eliminate the effect for advanced maternal age up to age 45. The association between young maternal age and negative offspring outcomes is robust to these controls. Our findings suggest that the advanced maternal age–offspring adult health association reflects selection and factors related to lifespan overlap. These may include shared frailty or parental investment but are not directly related to the physiological health of the mother during conception, fetal development, or birth. The results for young maternal age add to the evidence suggesting that children born to young mothers might be better off if the parents waited a few years.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

Maternal Age and Offspring Adult Health: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study

2012

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“…of the fathers,of the children with mongolism and 3.3% of the control fathurs had had contact with radar, both in and outgide of the armed forces-a difference which is of borderline statistical significance (p<0.02) (130).…”

Section: Genetic Eltectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exposure to Microwaves: Problems and Perspectives

Michaelson¹

1974

Environmental Health Perspectives

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During the last 25 years, there has been a remarkable development and increase in the number of processes and devices that utilize or emit microwaves. Such devices are used in all sectors of our society for military, industrial, telecommunications, and consumer applications. Although there is information on biologic effects and potential hazard to man from exposure to microwaves, considerable confusion and misinformation has permeated not only the public press but also some scientific and technical publications. The purpose of this review is to place the available information on biologic effects of microwaves in proper perspective and to suggest approaches to future studies.

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“…Maternal irradiation has been examined in relation to aneuploidy in several studies. An increased risk for trisomy 21 in irradiated women has been found in some studies [Uchida andCurtis 1961, Uchida et al, 1968;Alberman et al, 19721, but little or no effect has been found by others [Lunn, 1959;Carter et al, 1961;Schull and Nell, 1962;Stevenson et al, 1970;Cohen and Lilienfeld, 1971;Boue et al, 19751. Such controversial results are difficult to reconcile, due to differences in sample ascertainment and in methods for calculating gonadal exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of X-rays on chromosome 21 nondisjunction

Strigini¹,

Pierluigi²,

Forni

et al. 2005

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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In a series of 156 females and 149 males with a Down syndrome (DS) child, a case‐control study was performed to evaluate the effect of abdominal‐pelvic exposure to diagnostic x‐rays prior to conception on nondisjunction (ND). Cytogenetic analysis using QFQ banding allowed unequivocal identification of ND parents as cases. Partners of ND parents were treated as control group. Odds ratio for the association of x‐rays exposure and ND occurrence (stratified for sex and age) was 1.85 (borderline to significant in older fathers and borderline to significance: with a 95% confidence interval 1–3.44). Such an association appeared highly significant in younger mothers, when age groups were analyzed separately. By comparing mean parental ages at birth of the propositus, the prevalence of exposure to x‐rays appeared moderately associated with aging in control parents of both sexes. Furthermore, the mean age of unexposed ND parents of paternally derived SD cases was the same as the referent population's, suggesting that age is not a risk factor for ND in the male, except for being associated with increasing exposure risk. Conversely, risk attributable to x‐rays exposure in the female appears to be progressively diluted with increasing age, by strongly age‐dependent high risk, presumably due to biologic factors that are not affected by environmental exposure.

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The Epidemiological Study of Mongolism in Baltimore*

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

Maternal Age and Offspring Adult Health: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study

Maternal Age and Offspring Adult Health: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study

Effects of Exposure to Microwaves: Problems and Perspectives

Effect of X-rays on chromosome 21 nondisjunction

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