The Epidemic of Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Cancer in a Canadian Population

Nichols, Anthony C.; Palma, David A.; Dhaliwal, Sandeep; Tan, Susan; Theuer, Juergen-Detlef; Chow, Winsion; Rajakumar, Chandrew; Um, Sung Ho; Mundi, Neil; Berk, Seth; Zhou, Rong; Basmaji, John; Rizzo, Giananthony; Franklin, Jason; Fung, Kevin; Kwan, Keith; Wehrli, Bret; Salvadori, M; Winquist, Eric; Ernst, Scott; Kuruvilla, Sara; Read, Nancy; Venkatesan, Varagur; Todorović, Biljana; Hammond, James R.; Koropatnick, James; Mymryk, Joe S.; Yoo, John; Barrett, John W.

doi:10.3747/co.20.1375

Cited by 89 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…5 However, a study in London, Ontario, was restricted to patients with tonsillar cancer for whom a pathology specimen was available; 17 one study in Toronto included only 22 patients with oropharyngeal cancer; 18 other Toronto-based studies either took place before routine HPV testing 12 or focused on recurrent or metastatic disease; 19 and one study in Montréal analyzed patients with locally advanced cancer who were treated with primary chemoradiation and had a minimum 3-year follow-up. 20 A previous study of 1374 Ontario-based patients with oropharyngeal cancer suggested that 66% of cases were HPV-positive by 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer in Canada: analysis of 5 comprehensive cancer centres using multiple imputation

Habbous

Chu

Lau

et al. 2017

CMAJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer in Canada: analysis of 5 comprehensive cancer centres using multiple imputation

Habbous

Chu

Lau

et al. 2017

CMAJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Indeed, HPV positive (HPV+) HNSCC is increasing at an epidemic pace. 6,7 Importantly, HPV negative (HPV-) and HPV+ HNSCC are molecularly distinct, with a different spectrum of mutations. 8 HPV+ HNSCC also constitutively express viral oncogenes that deregulate cell growth and gene expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment-naïve HPV+ head and neck cancers display a T-cell-inflamed phenotype distinct from their HPV- counterparts that has implications for immunotherapy

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cancers progress when the immune system fails to identify and eliminate malignant cells. Recognition of this, combined with advances in tumor immunology, has allowed development of therapies that induce effective anti-tumor immune responses. For incompletely-understood reasons, effective responses to immunotherapy occur in some patients and not others. Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are a common cancer type that can be divided into two subsets based on human papillomavirus (HPV) status. HPV status is a strong predictor of positive clinical outcome. Expression of exogenous viral antigens by HPV+, but not HPV-, HNSCC allows direct comparison of the immune status (immune cell presence and characteristics) between these two otherwise anatomically-similar tumors. Using TCGA data, we compared the immune landscape between HPV+ and HPV- treatment-naïve HNSCC. As compared to HPV- samples, HPV+ HNSCC exhibited a strong Th1 response characterized by increased infiltration with multiple types of immune cells and expression of their effector molecules. HPV+ HNSCC also expressed higher levels of CD39 and multiple T-cell exhaustion markers including LAG3, PD1, TIGIT, and TIM3 compared to HPV- HNSCC. Importantly, patients with higher expression of these exhaustion markers–indicative of a T-cell-inflamed tumor–correlated with markedly improved survival in HPV+, but not HPV-, HNSCC. Thus, profound differences exist between the immune landscape of HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC. These results suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a promising treatment strategy for HPV+ HNSCC, and that expression of immune checkpoint molecules could serve as a predictive biomarker of patient outcome in HPV+ HNSCC.

show abstract

“…The consequences of oral STI transmission are becoming more widely known. For example, HPV has been linked to a rise in throat cancer (Chaturvedi et al, 2011;Nichols et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Sex Is Like Jelly Beans: Educating Students on the Risks of Oral Sex

Moore

Harris

2014

American Journal of Sexuality Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study provides a description of an innovative workshop that educated college students about the risks of unprotected sexual behavior, particularly oral sex, and methods of risk reduction using a metaphor of "sharing and eating jelly beans." Intervention development was guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model. Ninety-five students attended this workshop, with 69 (73%) participating in a workshop assessment in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest design with no control group. The surveys obtained information about participants' demographics, sexual experience, protective sexual behaviors, perception of risk, motivation to engage in protective behaviors, and response to the workshop. Most participants rated the workshop as "very useful," and many reported the jelly bean metaphor specifically interesting and effective. Motivation to use condoms during oral sex significantly increased after the workshop, as did motivation to use condoms during vaginal and anal sex. Most participants were also motivated to get tested for sexually transmitted infections and obtain human papillomavirus vaccination. This educational workshop is easy to implement to promote engagement in protective behaviors and could be adapted to be part of an existing health program or delivered as a stand-alone workshop.

show abstract

The Epidemic of Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Cancer in a Canadian Population

Cited by 89 publications

References 16 publications

Human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer in Canada: analysis of 5 comprehensive cancer centres using multiple imputation

Human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer in Canada: analysis of 5 comprehensive cancer centres using multiple imputation

Treatment-naïve HPV+ head and neck cancers display a T-cell-inflamed phenotype distinct from their HPV- counterparts that has implications for immunotherapy

Sex Is Like Jelly Beans: Educating Students on the Risks of Oral Sex

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About