The Environmental Impacts of Fire-Fighting Foams

Tureková, Ivana; Balog, Karol

doi:10.2478/v10186-010-0033-z

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(CRC, 1999). Hazards that can be experienced from a fire include general pollutants/indicators, metals, particulates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chlorinate dioxins and furans, brominated dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls and polyfluorinated compounds ((e.g., see ISO 26367-2), (Turekova & Balog, 2010), (Simonson, et al, 2000) (Additional file 1), (Simonson et al 2001), (Andersson et al 2003)). From this list we can see that there are a wide variety of chemicals and particulates emitted during fires that have been identified as having a negative impact on the environment.…”

Section: Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impact of fire

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fires are adverse events with tangible costs for property and human life. Quantification of the immediate and direct costs of fire provide a metric for understanding the social and economic impact of fire and for assessing progress in fire prevention and protection. In addition to their physical costs, fires have a range of less immediate and obvious adverse consequences on the natural environment. These include air contamination from the fire plume (whose deposition is likely to subsequently include land and water contamination), contamination from water runoff containing toxic products, and other environmental discharges or releases from burned materials. Current efforts to improve the sustainability of buildings focus on increasing energy efficiency and reducing the embodied carbon. This overlooks the fact that a fire event could reduce the overall sustainability of a building through the release of pollutants and the subsequent re-build. Several pieces of work exist on the quantification of the environmental impact of fire, but there is a need to pull this information together and to identify the technical gaps that still exist. This publication pulls together the project aims, discusses the sources reviewed, presents a framework that was postulated for quantifying the environmental impact of fire, describes the gaps in knowledge, and presents a plan forward. The research resulted in a more in-depth appreciation of the environmental impact of fire, data, tools and methods that might be undertaken to analysis the environmental impacts as part of a fire engineering analysis, and highlights areas where future research is needed.

show abstract

Section: Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impact of fire

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The magnitude of interfacial tension 2.5 mN/m, adopted as a threshold value, found by measurement and, previously, incorporated into regulatory documents [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New classification of foaming agents for fire extinguishing

Degaev

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Extinguishing fires of petroleum products during emergency spill at industrial facilities of capital construction, transport, gas stations and the destruction of oil tanks is most effective when using foamers. Classification of foaming agents intended for extinguishing of fires of oil products, which is based on the structure of spreading coefficient of water foam-forming solution over hydrocarbon surface is presented. Results of experimental studies using various foaming agents with different structure of spreading coefficient are given. It is determined which of homologs of a number of sodium primary alkylsulfates differ in foaming capacity and fire extinguishing efficiency. It is revealed that decrease of interfacial tension value leads to reduction of extinguishing time of a heptane flame.

show abstract

“…Taking into consideration data from the scientific literature, in particular, the value of the diffusion coefficient [20], which is 0.21·10 -6 m/s 2 , the thickness of the foaming agent layer, which is 3 mm, we calculated a change in the concentration of the foaming agent. Based on the results reported in [21], we have established the ignition time of the flammable liquid vapors for the foaming agent AFF-107; the formation of the critical thickness of a layer of the foaming agent AFF-107 is about 600 s. Fig. 5 shows the process of changing the concentration of the foaming agent, which was calculated from equation (11).…”

Section: Fig 4 Change In the Conductivity Of A Foaming Agent Layermentioning

confidence: 99%