The Environmental Impact of Bovine Somatotropin Use in Dairy Cattle

Johnson, Donald E.; Ward, Gerald M.; Torrent, J.

doi:10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100020001x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…On an industry basis, rbST supplementation of 1 million cows would therefore reduce the dairy industry's carbon footprint by the annual equivalent of removing ∼400,000 cars from the road. The mitigating effect of rbST use on environmental impact has also been noted by other investigators (72-77), including Johnson et al (78), who suggested that large-scale use of rbST would reduce methane emissions by approximately 9%. Nonetheless, the political and social acceptability of rbST use within dairy production has been a contentious issue in several countries (79)(80)(81).…”

Section: Future On-farm Strategies To Enhance Sustainability Of Ruminsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Role of Productivity in Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Ruminant Production Systems

Capper

Bauman²

2013

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

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The global livestock industry is charged with providing sufficient animal source foods to supply the global population while improving the environmental sustainability of animal production. Improved productivity within dairy and beef systems has demonstrably reduced resource use and greenhouse gas emissions per unit of food over the past century through the dilution of maintenance effect. Further environmental mitigation effects have been gained through the current use of technologies and practices that enhance milk yield or growth in ruminants; however, the social acceptability of continued intensification and use of productivity-enhancing technologies is subject to debate. As the environmental impact of food production continues to be a significant issue for all stakeholders within the field, further research is needed to ensure that comparisons among foods are made based on both environmental impact and nutritive value to truly assess the sustainability of ruminant products.

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Section: Future On-farm Strategies To Enhance Sustainability Of Ruminsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Role of Productivity in Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Ruminant Production Systems

Capper

Bauman²

2013

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

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“…Soil methane and nitrous oxide emission reduction potentials were derived as follows: (i) for organic soils, the mean of low-and high-nutrient status organic soil N 2 O emission factors were used from the IPCC good practice guidelines for land use, land-use change and forestry (GPG LULUCF;IPCC 2003), where low and high values correspond to best estimates for low-and high-nutrient status organic soils and for (Leng 1991;McCrabb et al 1998;McCaughney et al 1999;Woodward et al 2001;Waghorn et al 2002;Pinares-Patino et al 2003;Alcock & Hegarty 2005) and feeding extra dietary oil (Dohme et al 2000;Machmü lller et al 2000, Lovett et al 2003McGinn et al 2004;Beauchemin & McGinn 2005;Jordan et al 2006a,b). c Includes bST ( Johnson et al 1991;Bauman 1992) For the livestock-based options, mitigation potentials (dairy cows, beef cattle, sheep, dairy buffalo and other buffalo) for reducing enteric methane emissions through improved feeding practices, specific agents and dietary additives, and longer term structural and management changes/animal breeding are shown in table 3. These estimates were derived using a model similar to that described in US-EPA (2006).…”

Section: K1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture

Smith

Martino²,

Cai

et al. 2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

1,936

1,399

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Agricultural lands occupy 37% of the earth's land surface. Agriculture accounts for 52 and 84% of global anthropogenic methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Agricultural soils may also act as a sink or source for CO 2 , but the net flux is small. Many agricultural practices can potentially mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the most prominent of which are improved cropland and grazing land management and restoration of degraded lands and cultivated organic soils. Lower, but still significant mitigation potential is provided by water and rice management, set-aside, land use change and agroforestry, livestock management and manure management. The global technical mitigation potential from agriculture (excluding fossil fuel offsets from biomass) by 2030, considering all gases, is estimated to be approximately 5500-6000 Mt CO 2 -eq. yr K1 , with economic potentials of approximately 1500-1600, 2500-2700 and 4000-4300 Mt CO 2 -eq. yr K1 at carbon prices of up to 20, up to 50 and up to 100 US$ t CO 2 -eq. K1 , respectively. In addition, GHG emissions could be reduced by substitution of fossil fuels for energy production by agricultural feedstocks (e.g. crop residues, dung and dedicated energy crops). The economic mitigation potential of biomass energy from agriculture is estimated to be 640, 2240 and 16 000 Mt CO 2 -eq. yr K1 at 0-20, 0-50 and 0-100 US$ t CO 2 -eq. K1 , respectively.

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“…Bovine somatotropin (bST) for dairy cows is a naturally occurring growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland. Recombinant bST, an identical molecule, is produced using biotechnology and has been shown to increase milk production in US dairy cows (Johnson et al 1992). In general, the use of bST leads to an increase in milk production of 10-20%, and therefore animal numbers can be reduced to lower total enteric emissions (Johnson et al 1996;Clemens and Ahlgrimm 2001).…”

Section: Production Enhancing Agents (Bovine Somatotropin)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions from dairy cows: Update review

Boadi¹,

Benchaar²,

Chiquette³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

398

288

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. 2004. Mitigation strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions from dairy cows: Update review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 319-335. Enteric methane (CH 4 ) emission is a major contributor to Canadian greenhouse gas emissions, and also a loss of feed energy during production. The objective of this paper is to provide an update on current management practices and new dietary strategies recently proposed to reduce CH 4 emissions from ruminants. Existing mitigation strategies for dairy, e.g., the addition of ionophores, fats, use of high-quality forages, and increased use of grains, have been well researched and applied. These nutritional changes reduce CH 4 emissions by manipulating ruminal fermentation, directly inhibiting methanogens and protozoa, or by diverting hydrogen ions away from methanogens. Current literature has identified new CH 4 mitigation options. These include the addition of probiotics, acetogens, bacteriocins, archaeal viruses, organic acids, plant extracts (e.g., essential oils) to the diet, as well as immunization, and genetic selection of cows. These new strategies are promising, but more research is needed to validate these approaches and to assess in vivo their effectiveness in reducing CH 4 production by dairy cows. It is also important to evaluate CH 4 mitigation strategies in terms of the total greenhouse gas budget and to consider the cost associated with the various strategies. More basic understanding of the natural differences in digestion efficiencies among animals as well as a better knowledge of methanogens and their interaction with other organisms in the rumen would enable us to exploit the potential of some of the new CH 4 mitigation strategies for dairy cattle production. Key words: Enteric methane, dairy cattle, mitigationBoadi, D., Benchaar, C., Chiquette, J. et Massé, D. 2004. Stratégies visant à réduire les dégagements de méthane entérique des vaches laitières: bilan. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 319-335. Le méthane (CH 4 ) d'origine entérique contribue dans une large mesure aux émissions canadiennes de gaz à effet de serre et entraîne une perte de l'énergie tirée des aliments durant la production. Le présent article fait le point sur les pratiques de zootechnie actuelles et sur les stratégies d'engraissement récemment proposées pour réduire les dégagements de CH 4 des ruminants. Les stratégies d'atténuation existantes (addition d'ionophores, matière grasse, utilisation de fourrages de grande qualité, plus grande utilisation de grains) ont fait l'objet de maintes recherches et sont désormais bien appliquées. Les changements nutritionnels qu'elles introduisent diminuent les émissions de CH 4 en modifiant la fermentation dans le rumen, en inhibant directement la production de méthanogènes et la population de protozoaires ainsi qu'en détournant les ions hydrogène des méthanogènes. La documentation scientifique mentionne de nouvelles méthodes pour atténuer la libération de CH 4 . Ces méthodes comprennent l'ajout de probiotiques, d'acétogènes, de bactériocine, de virus archaïques, d'aci...

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The Environmental Impact of Bovine Somatotropin Use in Dairy Cattle

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Productivity in Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Ruminant Production Systems

The Role of Productivity in Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Ruminant Production Systems

Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture

Mitigation strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions from dairy cows: Update review

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