The Environmental Impact of Anti-Icing Materials on Asphalt Surfaces (Commonly Used Anti-Icing Agents)

Abstract

This article investigates the effects of anti-icing materials on the environmental properties of asphalt mixtures. The studied materials include sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), and potassium acetate (PA). The Topsis method was employed to assess the environmental impacts of different anti-icing agents, focusing on their effects on soils, groundwater, surface water, vegetation, animal corrosion, particularly birds, as well as their detrimental effects on vehicles and surrounding structures. The results demonstrate that the optimal use of these materials can mitigate their negative environmental effects. Among the anti-icing agents, calcium magnesium acetate exhibits the highest environmental performance. It has the ability to reduce metal corrosion, concrete deterioration, and water pH changes. Therefore, a smart and careful utilization of anti-icing materials, especially calcium magnesium acetate, requires precise concentration adjustment and appropriate usage. On the other hand, increasing the concentration of anti-icing agents, particularly potassium acetate, is not recommended as it may exacerbate the negative environmental impacts and lead to moisture damage and fatigue in asphalt. Hence, responsible and optimal utilization of anti-icing materials can improve environmental properties and enhance economic efficiency.