The environmental efficiency of non-certified organic farming in China: A case study of paddy rice production

Marchand, Sébastien; Guo, Huanxiu

doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2014.09.006

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Organic agriculture is a holistic production system which used the environmentally friendly practice to ensure environmental sustainability [4]. Then it contributes to soil health, water conservation, biodiversity preservation and ecological health, carbon and natural resource management, energy efficiency and Greenhouse gas mitigation [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [4] reported that organics yield averaged 75% to 80% of conventional farm yields. In addition, the excessive use of organic nutrients can cause environmental impacts such as water pollution and greenhouse gas emission [6]. According to producers involved in organic agriculture [8] are generally judged in terms of input choice and production technology, but not in terms of their environmental performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Reference [3], environmental efficiency is an environmental indicator which allows us to promote environmental management in agricultural production. Many studies have treated nutrient use and pesticides risk as undesirable output or environmental detrimental input to estimate the environmental efficiency of organic farming [6]. To our knowledge, little attention has been given to the global warming potential of organic and conventional farming especially in the cotton sector in West Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cotton in Benin

Bonou-zin

Allali

Fadlaoui³

2019

Sustainability

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Recent years have seen an increasing awareness of the relative advantage of organic and conventional agriculture. This study aims to analyze the environmental efficiency of organic and conventional cotton in Benin. A Translog hyperbolic distance function which allows us to consider the joint production of desirable and undesirable output is used to analyze the environmental efficiency among organic and conventional cotton production farmers. The model includes factors that affect environmental efficiency. Greenhouse gas (GHG) was used as an indicator of undesirable output. Data were collected from 355 cotton producers (180 organics and 175 conventional) randomly selected in the cotton belt of Northern Benin. The results show that although organic cotton producers contribute less to GHG emission, they are environmentally inefficient compared to their conventional counterparts. Producers could improve the quantity of cotton produced by 27% and 17% while reducing emissions by 21% and 14% respectively for both organic and conventional cotton to achieve better environmental performance. However, the analysis of the shadow price revealed that organic cotton producers face lower opportunity cost than conventional producers. These results suggest that there is a need for more technical support and environmental education to improve the environmental efficiency of organic cotton in Benin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cotton in Benin

Bonou-zin

Allali

Fadlaoui³

2019

Sustainability

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“…Before the development of directional distance function analysis, many studies treated the undesirable outputs as inputs in the production function (Pittman ; Reinhard et al . ; Marchand and Guo ), on the basis that producing fewer undesirable outputs is just as preferable as to use fewer inputs. In some studies, undesirable outputs were called “reverse outputs” because their magnitude had an opposite effect to that of a good output (Lewis and Sexton ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing economic revenue and grazing pressure of livestock grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan-Plateau

Huang

Bruemmer

2017

Aust J Agric Resour Econ

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Treating grazing pressure as an undesirable output of livestock grazing in a directional distance function improves understanding of how economic behaviour affects the environment. Field survey data from 193 livestock grazing households combined with remotely sensed net primary productivity (NPP) data on the Qinghai–Tibetan–Plateau was used to develop a directional output‐orientation distance function. The average efficiency of livestock grazing households is 0.817 when incorporating grazing pressure as an undesirable output, which means that households can achieve 18.3% more output and decrease proportional grazing pressure holding all inputs fixed. The relative shadow price of undesirable grazing pressure to good output grazing revenue is estimated to be between 1.795 and 3.986. According to the Morishima elasticity of substitution between inputs, there is a significant complementary relationship between grassland, labour and capital.

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“…A technology gap is thought to exist between rice yield and environmental efficiency scores based on levels of pure N use [34,35]. As a result, farmers tend to increase the use of external nutrients such as N to compensate for potential yield losses during the initial OF conversion period [11,16].…”

Section: Relationship Between Yield and Nue Under Of And Cfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy and Transition of Recovery Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Various Rice Genotypes under Organic Farming

et al. 2016

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Despite the growing demand for organic products, research on organic farming (OF) such as genotype screening, fertilizer application and nutrition uptake remains limited. This study focused on comparisons of the apparent recovery efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer (REN) in rice grown under OF and conventional farming (CF). Thirty-two representative conventional Japonica rice varieties were field grown under five different treatments: control check (CK); organic farming with low, medium and high levels of organic fertilizer (LO, MO and HO, respectively); and CF. Comparisons of REN between OF and CF classified the 32 genotypes into four types: high REN under both OF and CF (type-A); high REN under OF and low REN under CF (type-B); low REN under OF and high REN under CF (type-C); and low REN under both OF and CF (type-D). Though the yield and REN of all the rice varieties were higher with CF than with OF, organic N efficient type-A and B were able to maintain relatively high grain yield under OF. Physiological activities in flag leaves of the four types from booting to maturity were subsequently investigated under OF and CF. Under OF, high values of soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) and N were observed in type-B varieties, while in contrast, both indexes slowly decreased in type-C varieties under CF. Moreover, the decline in N content in type-C and D varieties was greater under OF than CF. The decrease in glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity in flag leaves was smaller under OF than CF in type-A and B varieties, while in contrast, type-C and D varieties showed an opposite trend. The findings suggest that OF slows the decline in key enzymes of N metabolism in organic N-efficient type rice, thus maintaining a relatively high capacity for N uptake and utilization and increasing yield during the late growth period. Accordingly, we were able to screen for varieties of rice with synergistically high REN and high grain yield under OF.

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The environmental efficiency of non-certified organic farming in China: A case study of paddy rice production

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Environmental Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cotton in Benin

Environmental Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cotton in Benin

Balancing economic revenue and grazing pressure of livestock grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan-Plateau

Synergy and Transition of Recovery Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Various Rice Genotypes under Organic Farming

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