The Environmental and Population Health Benefits of Active Transport: A Review

Larouche, Richard

doi:10.5772/33001

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Conversely, a systematic review of 232 studies concluded that children and youth who watched TV for more than 2 hours/day had less favorable body composition, reduced fitness, lower scores for self-esteem and pro-social behavior, and decreased academic achievement [ 76 ]. Finally, reducing motorized travel can decrease greenhouse gas emissions [ 77 ], which has been shown to prevent acute asthma events among children [ 78 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play

Tremblay

Gray

Babcock³

et al. 2015

IJERPH

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309

226

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A diverse, cross-sectorial group of partners, stakeholders and researchers, collaborated to develop an evidence-informed Position Statement on active outdoor play for children aged 3–12 years. The Position Statement was created in response to practitioner, academic, legal, insurance and public debate, dialogue and disagreement on the relative benefits and harms of active (including risky) outdoor play. The Position Statement development process was informed by two systematic reviews, a critical appraisal of the current literature and existing position statements, engagement of research experts (N = 9) and cross-sectorial individuals/organizations (N = 17), and an extensive stakeholder consultation process (N = 1908). More than 95% of the stakeholders consulted strongly agreed or somewhat agreed with the Position Statement; 14/17 participating individuals/organizations endorsed it; and over 1000 additional individuals and organizations requested their name be listed as a supporter. The final Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play states: “Access to active play in nature and outdoors—with its risks— is essential for healthy child development. We recommend increasing children’s opportunities for self-directed play outdoors in all settings—at home, at school, in child care, the community and nature.” The full Position Statement provides context for the statement, evidence supporting it, and a series of recommendations to increase active outdoor play opportunities to promote healthy child development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play

Tremblay

Gray

Babcock³

et al. 2015

IJERPH

Self Cite

309

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Active transport and public transport can reduce traffic accidents, 38 rates of obesity, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. 37 Nutritionally appropriate reduction in meat consumption can reduce cardiovascular disease and some cancers. 3 …”

Section: Climate Change and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching about Climate Change in Medical Education: An Opportunity

Maxwell

Blashki

2016

Journal of Public Health Research

137

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Climate change threatens many of the gains in development and health over the last century. However, it could also be a catalyst for a necessary societal transformation to a sustainable and healthy future. Doctors have a crucial role in climate change mitigation and health system adaptation to prepare for emergent health threats and a carbon-constrained future. This paper argues that climate change should be integrated into medical education for three reasons: first, to prepare students for clinical practice in a climate-changing world; secondly, to promote public health and eco-health literacy; and finally, to deepen existing learning and strengthen graduate attributes. This paper builds on existing literature and the authors’ experience to outline potential learning objectives, teaching methods and assessment tasks. In the wake of recent progress at the United Nations climate change conference, COP-21, it is hoped that this paper will assist universities to integrate teaching about climate change into medical education.Significance for public healthThere is a strong case for teaching about climate change in medical education. Anthropogenic climate change is accepted by scientists, governments and health authorities internationally. Given the dire implications for human health, climate change is of fundamental relevance to future doctors. Integrating climate change into medical education offers an opportunity for future doctors to develop skills and insights essential for clinical practice and a public health role in a climate-changing world. This echoes a broader call for improved public health literacy among medical graduates. This paper provides medical schools with a rationale and an outline for teaching on climate change.

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“…Strategies to reduce emissions in the transportation sector can include travel demand management, increasing the costs associated with private vehicle use (e.g., fuel, license, insurance, etc. ), investment in low-emission public transit systems, replacement of gasoline-powered vehicles by electric vehicles, and replacement of motorized trips by active transportation (e.g., walking and cycling) [5]. The latter strategy is increasingly regarded as a promising climate change mitigation strategy that can simultaneously benefit population health and the economy [3,[5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Major Life Events on Travel Behaviours: A Scoping Review

et al. 2020

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The transportation sector accounts for about a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions. Previous research suggests that major life events may be “windows of opportunity” for travel behaviour change. Our scoping review examined the effects of seven events (transitions to secondary school, post-secondary studies, labour market, marriage, parenthood, retirement, and relocation) on travel behaviours. Five databases were searched (MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDISCUS, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) and 80 articles met inclusion criteria. Relocation was the most commonly examined event (with 51 studies). Findings illustrate that moving to compact neighbourhoods (with shorter commute distance/travel time, greater walkability/access to destinations) was associated with shifts towards sustainable travel modes (e.g., walking, cycling, and transit). Relocation might be particularly conducive to implementing scalable sustainable transportation interventions, as all six interventions with appropriate statistical power were effective. Entry into the labour market was generally associated with increased car use and declines in sustainable transportation. Qualitative studies suggested that attitudes towards cycling may become negative during adolescence, while attitudes towards driving improve, highlighting a need for concerted action. Evidence for other events was less consistent. Research in developing countries remain scarce and further intervention research is needed to enhance quality of evidence.

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The Environmental and Population Health Benefits of Active Transport: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 121 publications

Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play

Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play

Teaching about Climate Change in Medical Education: An Opportunity

Effect of Major Life Events on Travel Behaviours: A Scoping Review

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