The environment contribution to gender differences in childhood obesity and organized sports engagement

Nogueira, Helena; Pereira, Margarida; Costa, Diogo; Gama, Augusta; Machado‐Rodrigues, Aristides M.; Silva, Raquel; Rosado‐Marques, Vítor; Padez, Cristina

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23322

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Such differences are more evident as these individuals reach adolescence, although there is some evidence pointing to the differences in physical activities between younger children. A Portuguese study carried out with students aged 6–11 years identified girls as having higher levels of excess weight alongside practicing lower levels of organized sports outside of school compared to boys (Nogueira et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and thinness among schoolchildren aged 7–14 years from southern Brazil (2002–2019)

Spanholi,

Matsuo,

Roberto

et al. 2023

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectiveTo analyze the obesity, overweight, and thinness trends among Brazilian schoolchildren by sex, age group, and type of school according to World Health Organization (WHO) and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria.MethodsWe conducted four surveys between 2002 and 2018/19 involving schoolchildren aged 7–14 years from a state capital in southern Brazil. Weight status was classified using both WHO and IOTF criteria.ResultsIn the total sample, obesity prevalence based on the IOTF and the WHO criteria were 72% and 44% higher in 2018/19 compared with 2002, respectively. Over the whole period, the obesity prevalence increased among children (WHO: 10.1% vs. 14.1%; IOTF: 5.0% vs. 8.3%), and those from public schools (WHO: 10.5% vs. 16.4%; IOTF: 5.6% vs. 10.1%). There was no significant reduction in thinness prevalence over the analyzed period.ConclusionObesity prevalence remains on an upward trend in a state capital in southern Brazil, especially among children from public schools. A higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed using the WHO criteria compared with IOTF criteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and thinness among schoolchildren aged 7–14 years from southern Brazil (2002–2019)

Spanholi,

Matsuo,

Roberto

et al. 2023

American J Hum Biol

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“…Numerous factors contribute to childhood and adolescent obesity, including amongst others gender, biology, geographical and socio-economical aspects 72 73 74 . Non-communicable diseases, such as overweight and obesity are largely preventable.…”

Section: Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and COVID-19: What are the Consequences?

et al. 2022

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Obesity is an increasing health problem all over the world. In combination with the current COVID-19 pandemic, this has turned into a massive challenge as individuals with overweight and obesity at all ages show a significant increase in their risk of getting severe COVID-19. Around 20% of all patients that were hospitalized for COVID-19 suffered from obesity alone, whereas obesity in combination with other metabolic comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension, account for up to 60% of all hospitalizations in relation to COVID-19. Therefore, it is of immense importance to put the spotlight on the high incidence of obesity present already in childhood both by changing the individual minds and by encouraging politicians and the whole society to commence preventive interventions for achieving a better nutrition for all social classes all over the world. In the current review, we aim to explain the different pathways and mechanisms that are responsible for the increased risk of severe COVID-19 in people with overweight and obesity. Furthermore, we discuss how the pandemic has led to weight gains in many people during lockdown. At the end, we discuss the importance of preventing such an interface between a non-communicable disease like obesity and a communicable disease like COVID-19 in the future.

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“…Physiologically, obesity is caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake (eating) and energy consumption (physical activity). Physical activity can be important in weight control (Fogelholm and Kukkonen-Harjula, 2000), and different opportunities for organized sports in boys and girls can also contribute to sex differences in childhood obesity (Nogueira et al, 2019). Additionally, other factors than eating and physical activity have been suggested to contribute to the obesity epidemic (McAllister et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

Silventoinen

Konttinen

2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Obesity has dramatically increased during the last decades and is currently one of the most serious global health problems. We present a hypothesis that obesity is a neuro-behavioral disease having a strong genetic background mediated largely by eating behavior and is sensitive to the macro-environment; we study this hypothesis from the perspective of genetic research. Genetic family and genome-wide-association studies have shown well that body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2) is a highly heritable and polygenic trait. New genetic variation of BMI emerges after early childhood. Candidate genes of BMI notably express in brain tissue, supporting that this new variation is related to behavior. Obesogenic environments at both childhood family and societal levels reinforce the genetic susceptibility to obesity. Genetic factors have a clear influence on macro-nutrient intake and appetiterelated eating behavior traits. Results on the gene-by-diet interactions in obesity are mixed, but emerging evidence suggests that eating behavior traits partly mediate the effect of genes on BMI. However, more rigorous prospective study designs controlling for measurement bias are still needed.

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The environment contribution to gender differences in childhood obesity and organized sports engagement

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Trends in the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and thinness among schoolchildren aged 7–14 years from southern Brazil (2002–2019)

Trends in the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and thinness among schoolchildren aged 7–14 years from southern Brazil (2002–2019)

Obesity and COVID-19: What are the Consequences?

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

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