Abstract:Multiple sclerosis-associated retroviral element (MSRV) is a retroviral element, the sequence of which served to define the W family of human endogenous retroviruses. MSRV viral particles display proinflammatory activities both in vitro in human mononuclear cell cultures and in vivo in a humanized SCID mice model. To understand the molecular basis of such properties, we have investigated the inflammatory potential of the surface unit of the MSRV envelope protein (ENV-SU), the fraction that is poised to natural… Show more
“…MSRV-Env activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and has a pro-inflammatory effect mediated through its interaction with TLR4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures (Rolland et al, 2006). Another effect of MSRV-Env is the blockade of the oligodendrocyte differentiation necessary for the remyelination process, also mediated by an interaction with TLR4 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) (Kremer et al, 2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pre-clinical studies showed that GNbAC1 neutralizes the MSRV-Env target (Rolland et al, 2006;Kremer et al, 2014). GNbAC1 had been studied first in a phase I clinical trial in 33 healthy subjects, showing a good safety as well as a linear pharmacokinetics (Curtin et al, 2012).…”
GNbAC1 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting MSRV-Env, an endogenous retroviral protein, which is expressed in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, is pro-inflammatory and inhibits oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation. This paper describes the open-label extension up to 12 months of a trial testing GNbAC1 in 10 MS patients at 2 and 6 mg/kg. The primary objective was to assess GNbAC1 safety, and other objectives were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments. During the extended study, no safety issues occurred in the 8 remaining patients. No anti-GNbAC1 antibodies were detected. GNbAC1 appears well tolerated.
“…MSRV-Env activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and has a pro-inflammatory effect mediated through its interaction with TLR4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures (Rolland et al, 2006). Another effect of MSRV-Env is the blockade of the oligodendrocyte differentiation necessary for the remyelination process, also mediated by an interaction with TLR4 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) (Kremer et al, 2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pre-clinical studies showed that GNbAC1 neutralizes the MSRV-Env target (Rolland et al, 2006;Kremer et al, 2014). GNbAC1 had been studied first in a phase I clinical trial in 33 healthy subjects, showing a good safety as well as a linear pharmacokinetics (Curtin et al, 2012).…”
GNbAC1 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting MSRV-Env, an endogenous retroviral protein, which is expressed in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, is pro-inflammatory and inhibits oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation. This paper describes the open-label extension up to 12 months of a trial testing GNbAC1 in 10 MS patients at 2 and 6 mg/kg. The primary objective was to assess GNbAC1 safety, and other objectives were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments. During the extended study, no safety issues occurred in the 8 remaining patients. No anti-GNbAC1 antibodies were detected. GNbAC1 appears well tolerated.
“…Це опосередковано взаємодією ендогенних ретровірусів з Толл-подібним рецептором 4 (TLR4) і CD14-корецептором [15]. TLR4 є одним із основних образ-розпізнавальних рецепторів, що віді-грають центральну роль в ініціації вродженого імунітету проти мікробних патогенів.…”
Section: вступunclassified
“…TLR4 активуються в гліаль-них клітинах і лімфоцитах, які проникли в ЦНС у від-повідь на запалення, що викликане інфекційними аген-тами, травмою тканин або автоімунним процесом [16]. Окрім того, активований TLR4 здійснює виражений інгібуючий вплив на ріст клітин-попередників оліго-дендроцитів (основних продуцентів мієліну) [15].…”
“…D'autres études ont par la suite exploré et dévoilé progressivement les caractéristiques génétiques et biologiques inattendues de cet HERV. Ainsi, les séquences HERV-W, isolées de particules rétrovirales provenant de cultures de cellules de patients atteints de SEP, codent une protéine d'enveloppe biologiquement active (MSRV-Env) qui est capable d'activer les cascades physiopathologiques à l'origine des signes pathognomoniques de la SEP. En particulier, MSRV-Env peut induire une activation de type superantigène (activation polyclonale, donc disproportionnée, indépendante de la spécificité de l'antigène reconnu) des lymphocytes T [28], elle-même conditionnée en amont à une stimulation de l'immunité innée impliquant le récepteur TLR4 (Tolllike receptor 4) avec des effets pro-inflammatoires [29]. MSRV-Env peut promouvoir l'activation des macrophages, la différenciation des cellules …”
Section: La Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophiqueunclassified
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