The EnMAP Mission: From Observation Request to Data Delivery

Abstract

EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program, www.enmap.org) is a German, Earth observing, imaging spectroscopy, spaceborne mission planned for launch in 2020. The data products will cover the spectral range from 420 nm to 2450 nm with a spectral sampling distance between 5 and 12 nm with an expected signal-to-noise-ratio of 400:1 in the visible near-infrared and 180:1 in the shortwave infrared parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. The resulting images will cover an area of 30 km in the acrosstrack direction with a ground sampling distance of 30 m. The across-track tilt-capability of 30° enables revisit times of less than four days. The resulting data products will be freely available to the scientific user community for measuring, deriving, and analyzing diagnostic parameters, which describe vital processes on the Earth's surface comprising agriculture, forestry, soil and geological environments, as well as coastal zones and inland waters. This work concentrates on the description of activities performed and facilities involved for the preparation of these products. It starts out by the description of the User Portals for observation requests and acquisition planning, touches the aspects of creating the time-lines, the commanding and controlling of the satellite, the downlink of the telemetry and payload data, the design of the processing chain and the archiving of data plus a set of activities flanking the above for the provision of high-quality data products.

Tracking Water Quality and Macrophyte Changes in Lake Trasimeno (Italy) from Spaceborne Hyperspectral Imagery

“…EnMAP is a high-resolution imaging spectroscopy remote sensing mission, operated by the DLR, placed in SSO-LTDN. The across-track tilt-capability of 30 • enables revisit times of less than four days [67]. The primary objective of the mission is to assess and examine surface variables, both qualitative and quantitative, that characterize essential Earth processes [68].…”

Spatial Resolution Enhancement of Satellite Hyperspectral Data via Nested Hypersharpening With Sentinel-2 Multispectral Data

“…Almost twenty years later, technological advances lead to launch of two HS missions from as many European countries: The Italian Space Agency's PRISMA (Italian acronym for Hyperspectral Precursor of the Application Mission) [2], and the Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) [3], managed by the German DLR Agency. The main characteristics of the two missions and related data products are as follows.…”

“…If only the spectral radiance format is available, the band data should be corrected for haze, that is, each should be diminished by the corresponding term of atmospheric path radiance, a.k.a. haze [29], when used in (3). According to the radiative transfer model [26], a low resolution surface reflectance image, obtained from the de-hazed spectral bands as a ratio of spectral radiances to their average, is sharpened by the high-resolution PAN image.…”

Analysis-Ready Data from Hyperspectral Sensors—The Design of the EnMAP CARD4L-SR Data Product

“…This also enables interoperable data access by external partners or OGC-compliant client software. Due to required multiple processing options, each product is generated specifically for the order and delivered using SFTP (secure file transfer protocol) provided by multi-mission facilities [25,46]. An inherent challenge in providing the described metadata related to the orthorectification and atmospheric correction quality is the required provision of information from L1B, L1C and L2A processing for L0 data.…”