The enhanced Aussie Optimism Positive Thinking Skills Program: The relationship between internalizing symptoms and family functioning in children aged 9–11 years old

Kennedy, Patricia; Rooney, Rosanna; Kane, Robert; Hassan, Sharinaz; Nesa, Monique

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00504

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This view is supported by studies demonstrating that mindfulness and exercise interventions increase IAw as assessed with the scales Attention Regulation, Emotional Awareness, Self-Regulation, Body Listening, and Trusting. In contrast, scales reflecting early and mid-stages, which are conceptualized as partially automatic facets of IAw (Noticing, Not-Distracting, Not-Worrying), remain unaffected by these interventions (Bornemann et al, 2015;Mehling et al, 2017). As retrospective self-reports may have limitations for the investigation of (pre-conscious) perceptual processes, however, future studies should include behavioral and psychophysiological indicators of interoception to clarify if MUS are associated with the selective alteration of mid-stages of interoceptive signal processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Altered Interoceptive Awareness in High Habitual Symptom Reporters and Patients With Somatoform Disorders

et al. 2020

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Objective: Altered interoception may play a major role in the etiology of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). It remains unclear, however, if these alterations concern noticing of signals or if they are limited to the interpretation of signals. We investigated whether individuals with MUS differ in interoceptive awareness as assessed with the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) questionnaire. Methods: Study 1: A total of 486 individuals completed the Screening for Somatoform Disorders (SOMS-2). Thirty-two individuals each of the upper and lower decile of the SOMS distribution (low symptom reporters/LSR, high symptom reporters/HSR) completed the MAIA. Study 2: MAIA scores of individuals diagnosed with somatoform disorder (SFD; n = 26) were compared to individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 25) and healthy controls (HC; n = 26). Results: HSR had lower scores than LSR on the MAIA scales Not-Distracting and Not-Worrying. The SFD and MDD groups showed lower scores than HC on the MAIA scales Not-Distracting, Self-Regulation, and Trusting. The MDD group scored lower than the other two groups on the scales Body Listening and Attention Regulation. There were no group differences on the scale Noticing. Conclusion: HSR, SFD, and MDD patients do not differ from HC in the awareness of noticing of interoceptive signal processing, whereas cognitive facets of interoception, such as distraction or self-regulation are differentially affected. This highlights the necessity of including specifically targeted interventions, which improve interoceptive awareness, in the prevention and treatment of SFDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For a full description of the subscales, see Mehling et al (2012). The scales have adequate to excellent internal consistencies (Bornemann et al, 2015).…”

Section: Multidimensional Assessment Of Interoceptive Awareness (Maia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Interoceptive Awareness in High Habitual Symptom Reporters and Patients With Somatoform Disorders

et al. 2020

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“…A cluster randomized controlled trial design was used. Sixteen schools were organized into matched pairs, based on school and class sizes, then the schools from each pair were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group, as described in Kennedy et al ( 37 ). Before pre-test data collection, three of the control schools dropped out, resulting in an uneven sample of eight intervention and five control schools, with 13 schools in total.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of the enhanced AO-PTS program have already been studied; however, there is scope for exploring the role of moderators. A study on this program investigated family functioning as a moderator, and did not find a moderation effect ( 37 ). However, as parent mental illness and family living arrangement are important risk factors for depression and anxiety in children, it is worth investigating them too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Parent Mental Illness and Family Living Arrangement Moderate the Effects of the Aussie Optimism Program on Depression and Anxiety in Children?

et al. 2018

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Parent mental illness and family living arrangement are associated with depression and anxiety in children, and may influence the effects of programs that aim to prevent these disorders. This study investigated whether these family context factors moderated the intervention effects of the enhanced Aussie Optimism Positive Thinking Skills program on depression and anxiety in primary school children. The intervention was a universal, cognitive-behavioral program, with a one hour session each week for 10 weeks, delivered by trained teachers. The participants were 502 children from 13 private schools, aged 9–11, with 347 in the intervention group and 155 in the control group. There were 267 females and 235 males. Data from 502 parents was also included. A cluster randomized controlled trial design was used, including eight intervention schools and five control schools. Depression and anxiety were assessed at pre-test, post-test, and 6-months follow-up. Information on parent mental illness and family living arrangement was collected through a parent questionnaire. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis with Generalized Linear Mixed Methods. At baseline, depressive and anxiety symptoms did not differ significantly based on parent mental illness. Symptoms of depression at baseline were significantly higher for children from a higher-risk family living arrangement, but anxiety symptoms were not. Parent mental illness and family living arrangement did not moderate the effects of the program on depression and anxiety at post-test or 6-months follow-up. Parent mental illness moderated the intervention effects on negative self-esteem, an aspect of depression, at post-test, with improvements seen only for children who did not have a parent with a mental illness. The findings indicate an association between family living arrangement and depressive symptoms in children. The findings suggest that the program is effective for children regardless of parent mental illness or family living arrangement, although parent mental illness has the capacity to influence the program's outcomes.

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“…Modulation of sexual excitement presupposes awareness of one's physiological signals, and it would therefore be of interest to improve patients' general interoceptive body awareness. Borneman, Herbert, Mehling, and Singer (2015) found increases in interoceptive awareness following a 13-week intervention containing weekly group sessions and daily practices of body scan and breath meditation. Silverstein, Brown, Roth, and Britton (2011) found in a randomized trial including 30 female and 14 male undergraduates that female participants' ability to register bodily responses to sexual stimuli was improved by mindful meditation training, and further noticed improvements in self-reported measures of attention, self-judgment, anxiety, and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrator-Assisted Start–Stop Exercises Improve Premature Ejaculation Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2019

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Premature ejaculation (PE) is associated with decreased quality of life, lower confidence and self-esteem, and higher levels of depression, anxiety, and interpersonal difficulties. Here we investigated the effectiveness of vibrator-assisted start-stop exercises for treatment of PE, and whether the treatment effect could be enhanced by an additional psychobehavioral intervention. Fifty participants with a mean age of 41.7 years were included and randomized into two treatment groups and a waiting list control group. Participants were instructed to perform start-stop exercises while stimulating the penis with a purpose-made vibrator, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Additionally, participants in one of the treatment groups received additional psychoeducation and performed mindfulness meditation-based body scan exercises three times a week. Data were gathered through online questionnaires before and after treatment, as well as 3 and 6 months after treatment. The interventions reduced PE symptoms with large effect sizes (partial η 2 = .20 across the three groups, d [95% CI] = 1.05 [.27, 1.82] and 1.07 [.32, 1.82] for treatment groups compared to waiting list control group). The additional psychobehavioral intervention did not further reduce PE symptoms, but did decrease PE-associated negative symptoms such as levels of sexual distress, anxiety, and depression. No side effects were reported. Vibratorassisted start-stop exercises can be offered as an adequate treatment option for PE.

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The enhanced Aussie Optimism Positive Thinking Skills Program: The relationship between internalizing symptoms and family functioning in children aged 9–11 years old

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

Altered Interoceptive Awareness in High Habitual Symptom Reporters and Patients With Somatoform Disorders

Altered Interoceptive Awareness in High Habitual Symptom Reporters and Patients With Somatoform Disorders

Do Parent Mental Illness and Family Living Arrangement Moderate the Effects of the Aussie Optimism Program on Depression and Anxiety in Children?

Vibrator-Assisted Start–Stop Exercises Improve Premature Ejaculation Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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