Mexican American adolescents face disparities in mental health and academic achievement, perhaps in part because of discrimination experiences. However, culturally-related values, fostered by ethnic pride and socialization, may serve to mitigate the negative impact of discrimination. Guided by the Stress Process Model, the current study examined risk and protective processes using a 2-wave multi-informant study with 750 Mexican American families. Specifically, we examined two possible mechanisms by which Mexican American values may support positive outcomes in the context of discrimination; as a protective factor (moderator) or risk reducer (mediator). Analyses supported the role of Mexican American values as a risk reducer. This study underscores the importance of examining multiple mechanisms of protective processes in understanding Mexican American adolescent resilience.
KeywordsMexican American; adolescents; discrimination; cultural values; ethnic socialization; ethnic pride; mental health; academic achievement; longitudinal
Discrimination and adjustment for Mexican American adolescents: A prospective examination of the benefits of culturally-related valuesLatino adolescents in the United States are at elevated risk for a variety of mental health and academic problems (Rumbaut, 1994). Mexican American adolescents, in particular, report higher levels of depressive symptoms (Hill, Bush, & Roosa, 2003), as well as externalizing behaviors (Gorman-Smith, Tolan, Henry, & Florsheim, 2000). Moreover, despite Mexican American families' emphasis on the value of school as an important pathway to success, Mexican American adolescents report lower academic self-efficacy (Fuligni, Witkow, & Garcia, 2005) and are more likely to drop out of school (Chavez, Oetting, & Swaim, 1994) than European American peers. Some have suggested that these elevated mental health and Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Cady Berkel, Prevention Research Center, Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287-6005, cady.berkel@asu.edu.
In Press Journal of Research on Adolescence.This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the journal. It is not the copy of record.
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NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript academic risks are due in part to experiences of discrimination commonly reported by Mexican American adolescents, which have been linked to poor mental health and academic achievement (Coker, et al., 2009;Stone & Han, 2005). Nevertheless, many Mexican American adolescents have good mental health outcomes, are successful in school (Gonzales, Knight, Birman, & Sirolli, 2004), and often appear to be more resilient than one might expect given the stressors to which they are exposed (Escobar, Nervi, & Gara, 2000). One potential mechanism operating among Mexican American adolescents that may support this resilience is the socialization processes that lead to the internalization of culturallyrelated values associated with th...