The energy technological background of involving salty coals into energy balance of Ukraine. 1. Composition of water extracts and the prospects for their utilization

Catalytic influence of native minerals on thermochemical conversion of salty coals

“…Salty coal (SC) stands out among other fuels not only by problems at traditional combustion (slagging, corrosion), but also that it contains a natural catalytic complex -alkali and alkaline earth metals salts, iron sulfides [2] and some of catalytically active trace elements in significant amounts. In our works [3] it is established that in salty coal of different deposits of Ukraine there are not only sodium chloride, but also sodium and calcium sulfates in significant amounts, which were clearly identified from aqueous extracts.…”

Experimental development of approaches to reduce the slagging and corrosive activity of salty coal

“…During the combustion of such coal an intensive heating by slagging of intrafuel surfaces and their high-temperature gas corrosion occur [3,5,7]. Studies of the mechanisms of slagging and corrosion of metal heating surfaces indicate the dependence of these processes on the operating and temperature conditions of combustion and significantly on the composition of the mineral part of the raw materials [3,4,8,9]. The main causes of slagging are considered to be the processes of formation of low-melting eutectics and low viscosity of ash.…”

“…At the same time, the removal of water-soluble salts according to the method [15] leads to a significant reduction in sticking, even at such a short period of time. In other words, water extraction of soluble salts, the composition of which for the studied coal was determined in [4], significantly reduces the effect of sticking on metal heating surfaces.…”

“…Development of models and theory of slagging require new experimental data on the combustion of problem coal from different fields. Studies [4] have shown that despite a close index of salinity, the content of Na 2 O in the ash is increased (≥2 %), even the composition the role of coal-steam plants in regulating the schedule of peak power consumption is currently unalterable. Here, peculiarities of the fuel base of coal power engineering should be taken into account and modern approaches to the use and preparation of non-traditional raw materials and their environmentally friendly use should be developed.…”

“…Even in the middle of the last century it was found that the main disadvantage of such coal is an increased rate of slagging and corrosion of heating surfaces due to the effect of a number of aggressive mineral compounds [3]. It is also known that the complex of native (natural) salts and microelements inherent to each field, differs from all the other [3][4][5] as to their composition. This requires a detailed study of promising fields to determine the conditions of combustion or the choice of other use of energy raw materials.…”