The Energy Relations of Mitotic Activity

Bullough, W. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1952.tb01391.x

Cited by 181 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…A few well known mitotic inhibitors are Azaserine-an antibiotic (Tanaka and Sugimura 1956), Amino pterin and Amethopterin (Hughes 1952)and 5 Fluorodeoxyuridine (Taylor 1962, Kihlman 1962. Bullought (1952) opined that energy required for mitosis is produced during a particular stage of the mitotic cycle-antephase. It has not been established that when antephase begins, but it onsets when prophase begins.…”

Section: A) Effect On Somatic Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Jain

Sarbhoy

1988

CYTOLOGIA

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The use of pesticides is unavoidable in modern agriculture . Several million tons of organic and inorganic chemicals with antimicrobial and insecticidal properties are added an nually in soil and their environment.Some of them while killing or inhibiting the harmful or ganisms not only upset the ecosystem but also produce undesirable changes in higher organisms. The present study was undertaken in order to assess the cytogenetic effects of some widely used chlorinated pesticides-Benzene hexachloride (BHC), Lindane, Aldrin, Heptachlor and Endrin on plant system. Meterial and methodsThe detailed methodology has been described in Part I and II (1987) of this series.Results and discussion A) Effect on somatic chromosomesThe immediate effect of all the pesticide treatment was partial or entire inactivation of spin dle mechanism followed by scattering of chromosomes. Benzene hexachloride (BHC) has been observed to affect spindle apparatus more severely than Lindane, Aldrin, Heptachlor and Endrin. The spindle inactivation affected the chromosomes movement. The various theories which have been put forwarded to explain chromosomes movement during cell division does not seems to be entirely satisfactory. The various pesticides were differently potent in disturbing the spindle apparatus. No normal metaphase stage was observed after 2hr. root-tip treatment of BHC, while in Lindane and Endrin treatment stages were observed in low magnitude (data not presented here). The normal metaphase stages were observed in higher percentage after Aldrin and Heptachlor treatment in compare to BHC, Lindane and Endrin treatments for the same duration of treatment (data not presented here). In Aldrin and Heptachlor treatments the concentrations used were ten times greater than BHC, Lindane and Endrin treatments. There fore, alteration in viscosity of karyolymph will be greater in Aldrin and Heptachlor treated root tips than BHC, Lindane and Endrin treated. Hence, as per viscosity and hydration theory (Wassermann 1929), no normal cell would be observed in Aldrin and Heptachlor treated root tins: however, normal cells were observed in all the treatments.The chromosome autonomy theory (Frey-Wyssling 1938) seems partially responsible for chromosome movement as the chromosomes possess energy in the form of adenosine triph osphate (ATP) necessary for their movement. Epel (1963) found complete inhibition of mitosis when ATP level dropped below the 50% of normal level. Hence, it may be presumed that the chemicals which affect ATP and sugar synthesis by creating annoxia condition or by other means exert much effect on chromosomes movement. The oxygen defficiency is known to

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Section: A) Effect On Somatic Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Jain

Sarbhoy

1988

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Starting after the third treatment, and continuing for 5 successive days, one test and one control mouse was sacrificed, by cervical dislocation, at the same time each day. It has been known for some time that there is a daily periodicity of mitosis in tissues of various laboratory animals (6,16). The ascites exudate was removed and the body cavity washed three times with physiological saline.…”

Section: In Vivo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibiting Effect of Vitamins C and B<sub>12</sub> on the Mitotic Activity of Ascites Tumors

Poydock¹,

Fardon²,

Gallina³

et al. 1979

Pathobiology

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The mitotic activity of the transplantable mouse tumors, Sarcoma 37, Krebs-2, and Ehrlich carcinomas, in the ascites form, were inhibited after treatment with a mixture of vitamins C and B₁₂ with no apparent toxic side effects. These vitamins when administered alone, at the same dosage, did not seem to have any apparent effect on mitosis or the morphology of the cells studied. Microscopic examinations of the stained ascites fluid taken from the mice treated with the vitamin mixture showed few tumor cells, and these in various stages of disintegration. Also, an increase in lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils were noticed; however, later in the experiment, no tumor cells could be found and monocytes and macrophages were abundant.

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“…From their results it is now generally agreed that the process of interphase is slowed down or stopped under conditions of oxygen-lack or by treatment of the cells with various inhibitors of respiration such as cyanide and carbon monoxide (Bullough 1952, Swann 1953, Rotini and Marino 1957, Amoore 1961, and others). However, results are not in agreement on whether the mitotic process is dependent on respiration.…”

Section: Introduction1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, results are not in agreement on whether the mitotic process is dependent on respiration. Thus, it has been found that in some cases such as with mouse epidermal cells (Bullough 1952) and sea-urchin eggs (Swann 1953) the mitotic process is not affected by the inhibition of respiration, while in other cases such as with Tradescantia staminate hair cells (Oka et al 1952), Haemanthus endosperm cells (Bajer 1954) and pea root tip cells (Amoore 1961) it has been reported that the mitotic process, especially in prophase, is suppressed by cyanide and anaerobiosis.…”

Section: Introduction1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Some Respiratory Inhibitors on the Durations of the Different Stages of the Mitotic Cycle of <i>Vicia</i> Root Tip Cells

Takatori

1966

CYTOLOGIA

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The Energy Relations of Mitotic Activity

Cited by 181 publications

References 116 publications

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Inhibiting Effect of Vitamins C and B<sub>12</sub> on the Mitotic Activity of Ascites Tumors

Effects of Some Respiratory Inhibitors on the Durations of the Different Stages of the Mitotic Cycle of <i>Vicia</i> Root Tip Cells

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