The energy-efficiency gap What does it mean?

Jaffe, Adam B.; Stavins, Robert N.

doi:10.1016/0301-4215(94)90138-4

Cited by 1,147 publications

(746 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…these barriers exist even though the market is functioning (Jaffe and Stavins, 1994). Heterogeneity is associated with the fact that even if a given technology is cost-effective on average, it will most probably not be so for some firms.…”

Section: Market Related Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heterogeneity holds in particular for production processes where firms are often specialized in one type of goods and where an energy efficiency measure is then difficult to implement in another firm. Even though very similar goods are produced, small deviances in the products such as different size and shape inhibit the measure's being undertaken in another firm (Jaffe and Stavins, 1994). Hidden costs are a wider definition of the more commonly cited transaction costs (Ostertag, 1999).…”

Section: Market Related Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major papers cited regarding barriers to energy efficiency include Jaffe and Stavins (1994), who define market barriers as any factors that may account for the existence of the energy efficiency gap. A market failure, on the other hand, refers to a condition where the effective allocation of goods and services by the market are violated, which might justify a public policy intervention (Jaffe and Stavins, 1994). Using the theoretical perspectives outlined below it should be noted that an empirically identified barrier may include economic, organizational and behavioural aspects.…”

Section: Barriers To Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 A cost-effective energy conservation measure is defined as an investment which lowers the use of energy, and which is considered cost-effective according to the mill's investment criteria. ____________ Stavins, 1994). Moreover, barriers have shown to differ depending on regional and sector specific conditions (Sorrell et al, 2000), indicating a need for regional and sector specific studies in order to observe these barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An energy efficient Swedish pulp and paper industry – exploring barriers to and driving forces for cost-effective energy efficiency investments

2008

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Section: Market Related Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Market Related Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Barriers To Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An energy efficient Swedish pulp and paper industry – exploring barriers to and driving forces for cost-effective energy efficiency investments

2008

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“…Even so, EnM is still not fully implemented. Indeed, research has demonstrated the existence of an energy-efficiency gap-the difference between the EE that could be achieved theoretically and the actual EE [1]-and that some of this gap can be reduced by EnM practices ( [2,3]). Research also presents the means for minimizing this gap by summarizing and describing the methods and technology for making use of energy more efficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers, Barriers, and Success Factors for Improving Energy Management in the Pulp and Paper Industry

2018

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Successful energy management is a way to achieve energy efficiency in the pulp and paper industry (PPI), which is important for assuring energy supply security, for increasing economic competitiveness, and for mitigating greenhouse gases. However, research shows that although energy use within PPI can be reduced by 5.5-19.4% per year, some of this by energy management practices, energy management is not always implemented. Why is this so? What are the barriers to, and drivers of implementation? How can the barriers be overcome? A systematic review of barriers and drivers in energy management in the PPI within peer-reviewed scientific articles suggests that the world-wide events that affect energy supply, volatility, and use seemingly also affect the number and frequency of research articles on energy management in the PPI. The perception of energy management in the PPI seems to be dominated by the understanding that it can mostly be achieved through technological improvements aiming to improve energy efficiency. The main driver of energy management was shown to be economic conditions: high and unstable energy prices, followed by drivers such as the need to remain internationally competitive, collaboration and energy management systems. Meanwhile, examples of the most important barriers are technical risks, lack of access to capital, lack of time and other priorities, and slim organization. The success factors for enhancing drivers and overcoming barriers were continuous energy accounting, energy-related collaboration, energy-efficiency programmes, and benchmarking. Altogether, success factors for energy management for improved energy efficiency could be summarized in the 4M framework-the "4M for energy efficiency": mind, measure, monitor, and manage-that could be used as the energy management memory-tool that could lead to improved energy efficiency in other sectors as well.

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Optimal residential water conservation strategies considering related energy in California

Escriva-Bou

Lund

Pulido-Velázquez

2015

Water Resources Research

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Although most freshwater resources are used in agriculture, residential water use is a much more energy intensive user. Based on this, we analyze the increased willingness to adopt water conservation strategies if energy cost is included in the customers' utility function. Using a Water-Energy-CO 2 emissions model for household water end uses and probability distribution functions for parameters affecting water and water-related energy use in 10 different locations in California, this research introduces a probabilistic two-stage optimization model considering technical and behavioral decision variables to obtain the most economical strategies to minimize household water and water-related energy bills and costs given both water and energy price shocks. Results can provide an upper bound of household savings for customers with well-behaved preferences, and show greater adoption rates to reduce energy intensive appliances when energy is accounted, resulting in an overall 24% reduction in indoor water use that represents a 30% reduction in water-related energy use and a 53% reduction in household water-related CO 2 emissions. Previous use patterns and water and energy rate structures can affect greatly the potential benefits for customers and so their behavior. Given that water and energy are somewhat complementary goods for customers, we use results of the optimization to obtain own-price and cross-price elasticities of residential water use by simulating increases in water and energy prices. While the results are highly influenced by assumptions due to lack of empirical data, the method presented has no precedent in the literature and hopefully will stimulate the collection of additional relevant data.

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The energy-efficiency gap What does it mean?

Cited by 1,147 publications

References 8 publications

An energy efficient Swedish pulp and paper industry – exploring barriers to and driving forces for cost-effective energy efficiency investments

An energy efficient Swedish pulp and paper industry – exploring barriers to and driving forces for cost-effective energy efficiency investments

Drivers, Barriers, and Success Factors for Improving Energy Management in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Optimal residential water conservation strategies considering related energy in California

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