The endocrine profile of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of obese patients

Abstract

Please cite this article as: Dolinková, M., Dostálová, I., Lacinová, Z., Michalský, D., Haluzíková, D., Mráz, M., Kasalický, M., Haluzík, M., The endocrine profile of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of obese patients, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (2007), doi:10.1016/j.mce.2008 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 SUMMARYThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression profile of genes potentially related to metabolic complications of obesity in the whole adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes from subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from twelve nondiabetic obese women and twelve lean women. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for expression analysis of 41 genes of interest and two housekeeping genes. We found increased expression of specific proinflammatory and adipogenic genes and reduced expression of specific lipogenic and insulin signaling pathway genes in obese relative to lean women with no preferable localization in SAT or VAT depot. The gene expression significantly differed between adipocytes and adipose tissue but both contributed to the proinflammatory profile in obesity. We conclude that both SAT and VAT exhibit alterations in the expression of specific genes possibly contributing to proinflammatory and insulin resistance state and consequently to metabolic complications of obesity.

Glyceroneogenesis is inhibited through HIV protease inhibitor-induced inflammation in human subcutaneous but not visceral adipose tissue

“…However, as we also observed NFV-induced increased TNF-␣ gene expression in SAT that was not observed in isolated adipocytes ( 41 ), this suggests that this PI-induced infl ammatory response takes place mainly in macrophages. Importantly, 50% to 90% of the IL-6 secreted by SAT is produced by macrophages ( 46,60 ). This suggests that the adipose tissue macrophages could be an important target of PI action and that, possibly, the different sensitivity levels to PI we observed between SAT and VAT could come from differences in their resident macrophages, which would vary in number and phenotypes according to the fat depot as previously shown (60)(61)(62).…”

Experimental Endotoxemia Induces Adipose Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Humans

“…Third, gene manipulation and drug targeting of the TLR-4 (2,38) and nuclear factor B (5,39) have provided proof of concept that modulation of innate immune signaling attenuates IR and type 2 diabetes in dietary and obesity models. Last, and directly relevant to the effect on adipose, we recently demonstrated that endotoxemia induces gene expression responses in subcutaneous adipose (40) that are remarkably similar to the changes observed in visceral adipose in insulin-resistant states (41)(42)(43). Conclusion.…”

Increased serum concentrations of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the influence of very low calorie diet

“…The cross-sectional design and other limitations of our study do not allow us to directly support this conclusion. Nevertheless, we have previously demonstrated that local changes in mRNA expression of some of the proinflammatory cytokines in subcutaneous adipose tissue of malnourished patients with anorexia nervosa share some similarities with changes in patients with obesity suggesting that local inflammatory response is present in adipose tissue of both cachectic and obese patients (21,22). Here, we showed that 2 weeks of VLCD did not significantly change serum MIC-1 levels in obese women with T2DM, but it significantly reduced serum MIC-1 in obese women without T2DM in spite of a similar reduction of body weight, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and serum CRP during VLCD in both groups of patients.…”