The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic implications in rheumatoid arthritis

Gui, Huan; Tong, Qiang; Qu, Wenchun; Mao, Chen Mei; Dai, Sheng‐Ming

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.03.006

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β are important mediators associated with certain inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis etc (44). Thus, an effective way to treat various inflammatory diseases can be a form of treatment for the inhibition of these mediators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The exogenous administration of CB2 specific agonist, GW405833, inhibits inflammation by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress

et al. 2018

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The present study aimed to investigate the role of cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors in a rat model of acute inflammation. Therefore, the potential of anti-inflammatory effects of CB2 receptor agonist (GW405833), CB2 receptor antagonist (AM630), and diclofenac, were investigated in carrageenan induced paw oedema in rats: as were assessed by measuring paw oedema; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in paw tissue; malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration; glutathione (GSH) level in paw tissue for oxidant/antioxidant balance; cytokine (interleukin-1β, IL-1β; tumour necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) levels in serum; histopathology of paw tissue for inflammatory cell accumulations. The results showed that GW405833 or diclofenac significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw oedema. GW405833 also inhibited the increase of MPO activity, the recruitment of total leukocytes and neutrophils, and MDA concentration during carrageenan-induced acute inflammation, along with reversed nearly to the normal levels the increased of TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum. AM630 did not affect inflammation alone however clearly reversed the effects of agonist when co-administered. The mechanism of GW405833's suppression of inflammation is supported by these results, which are achieved by the inhibition of neutrophil migration, which regulates the reduction of oxidative stress, TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Finally, the activation of CB2 receptor, by selective agonist, has a major role in peripheral inflammation, and in the near future, targeting the peripheral cannabinoid system as a promising alternative to treat inflammation diseases may be considered a novel pharmacologic approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The exogenous administration of CB2 specific agonist, GW405833, inhibits inflammation by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress

et al. 2018

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“…Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that systemic administration of cannabinoid receptor ligands produce analgesia in acute and chronic pain models [14]. Research has also explored the role of CB2 receptors, which seem to mediate anti-hyperalgesia in inflammatory pain states, [15,16] and reduce inflammation and neuropathic pain [17]. Cannabinoids, and the endocannabinoid system, have been demonstrated to have a role in reducing spasticity in animal models [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Treating Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis: a Systematic Review of Reviews

Nielsen

Germanos

Weier

et al. 2018

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

130

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We identified 11 eligible systematic reviews providing data from 32 studies, including 10 moderate to high quality RCTs. Five reviews concluded that there was sufficient evidence that cannabinoids may be effective for symptoms of pain and/or spasticity in MS. Few reviews reported conclusions for other symptoms. Recent high quality reviews find cannabinoids may have modest effects in MS for pain or spasticity. Future research should include studies with non-cannabinoid comparators; this is an important gap in the evidence.

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“…The endocannabinoid system, which includes the G-proteincoupled cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) and their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids), participates in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation and cancer (1)(2)(3). CB1 is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system, while CB2 is predominantly expressed by immune cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia-induced inhibition of the endocannabinoid system in glioblastoma cells

et al. 2017

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The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in the regulation of physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation and cancer. Hypoxia is a fundamental phenomenon for the establishment and maintenance of the microenvironments in various physiological and pathological conditions. However, the influence of hypoxia on the endocannabinoid system is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on the endocannabinoid system in malignant brain tumors. We subjected U-87 MG cells, derived from malignant glioblastoma, to hypoxia (1.5% O2) for 3 days, and evaluated their viability and expression of endocannabinoid-related genes. Hypoxia decreased the expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 and the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2, the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of endocannabinoids, in U-87 MG cells. Although cannabinoid receptor (CB) engagement induces cell death in U-87 MG cells in normoxic conditions, CB agonist-induced death was attenuated in hypoxic conditions. These results suggest that hypoxia modifies the endocannabinoid system in glioblastoma cells. Hypoxia-induced inhibition of the endocannabinoid system may aid the development of glioblastoma.

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The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic implications in rheumatoid arthritis

Cited by 47 publications

References 83 publications

The exogenous administration of CB2 specific agonist, GW405833, inhibits inflammation by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress

The exogenous administration of CB2 specific agonist, GW405833, inhibits inflammation by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress

The Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Treating Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis: a Systematic Review of Reviews

Hypoxia-induced inhibition of the endocannabinoid system in glioblastoma cells

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