The end-Ordovician mass extinction: A single-pulse event?

Wang, Guangxu; Zhan, Renbin; Percival, Ian G.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.023

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…3d). Specifically, Silurian brachiopod biodiversity shows a protracted post-extinction recovery, lasting until at least the Telychian 11,12,53 (starting~436 Ma), and high rates of planktonic (graptoloid) turnover persisted throughout the Silurian 9,10 (Fig. 3b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent global marine euxinia in the early Silurian

et al. 2020

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The second pulse of the Late Ordovician mass extinction occurred around the Hirnantian-Rhuddanian boundary (~444 Ma) and has been correlated with expanded marine anoxia lasting into the earliest Silurian. Characterization of the Hirnantian ocean anoxic event has focused on the onset of anoxia, with global reconstructions based on carbonate δ 238 U modeling. However, there have been limited attempts to quantify uncertainty in metal isotope mass balance approaches. Here, we probabilistically evaluate coupled metal isotopes and sedimentary archives to increase constraint. We present iron speciation, metal concentration, δ 98 Mo and δ 238 U measurements of Rhuddanian black shales from the Murzuq Basin, Libya. We evaluate these data (and published carbonate δ 238 U data) with a coupled stochastic mass balance model. Combined statistical analysis of metal isotopes and sedimentary sinks provides uncertainty-bounded constraints on the intensity of Hirnantian-Rhuddanian euxinia. This work extends the duration of anoxia to >3 Myrsnotably longer than well-studied Mesozoic ocean anoxic events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent global marine euxinia in the early Silurian

et al. 2020

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“…However, Wang, Zhan, and Percival (2019) challenged this classical twopulse model by showing that no significant biodiversity change was linked to the deglaciation, based on a higher-resolution time framework of the Ordovician to Silurian transition. Based on their reinterpretation, we now view the EOME as a single-pulse, rapid event that was followed by a prolonged initial recovery, intermittently impeded by climatic shocks through the Hirnantian, prior to a progressive reestablishment of marine ecosystems during the early Silurian with a substantial improvement of physical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…South China is an internationally significant region for the study of the EOME due to it having excellent geological records across the Ordovician and Silurian transition (Chen et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2019). Of particular interest are those in northern Guizhou Province,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Hirnantian near-shore carbonates and fossils are best represented. Our previous studies have made critical stratigraphic revisions of these rocks in the region (Wang et al, 2015(Wang et al, , 2018Wang, Zhan, & Percival, 2016), contributing to an improved understanding of the pattern and dynamics of the EOME (Wang et al, 2019;Wang, Zhan, Huang, & Percival, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constraining the biotic transitions across the end‐Ordovician mass extinction in South China: Bio‐ and chemostratigraphy of the Wulipo Formation in the Meitan area of northern Guizhou

et al. 2020

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The richly fossiliferous succession of the Wulipo Formation in the Huangjiaba area near Meitan in northern Guizhou, SW China, represents one of the very rare records of shelly fauna across the Ordovician and Silurian transition worldwide. This area is therefore crucial for understanding the pattern and dynamics of the end‐Ordovician mass extinction (EOME). Historically, the Wulipo Formation was dated as middle Rhuddanian (early Silurian). However, its fauna shows a close affinity with Transitional Benthic Fauna 3 (TBF 3), now known to be confined within the late Hirnantian (latest Ordovician) in well‐constrained successions globally. Here we present for the first time, chemostratigraphic data from the Wulipo Formation which confirm the presence of the Hirnantian Isotope Carbon Excursion. A critical review of faunal evidence further indicates a late Hirnantian age for this formation, and thus the hitherto only known anomalous TBF 3 record documented from South China is convincingly redated. The important implication is that the substantial biotic recovery after the EOME commenced globally at the very beginning of the Silurian with an overall amelioration of physical conditions. The new findings also suggest a much wider distribution of postglacial warm‐water benthic faunas on the Yangtze Platform during the late Hirnantian than previously envisaged.

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“…Rong et al, 2019;Yin, Dang, Zhang, Chen, & Mcrivette, 2008), and glacial events (Heron et al, 2008;Khader & Novakowski, 2014). This leads to a widespread biological extinction and catastrophic events in many basins of the world (Fan et al, 2013;Gelsthorpe, 2004;Luo et al, 2016;G. Wang, Zhan, & Percival, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Silurian red beds of Tarim Basin: Signals of palaeoenvironment, palaeoclimate, and sea‐level change

Liu

Lin

et al. 2019

Geological Journal

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The Silurian red beds of the Tarim Basin were formed in a coastal tidal and fluvial delta environment. They consist of red mudstone layers of the lower Tataaiertag Formation and separate the grey-green muddy sandstones of the Kalpintag Formation from the red sandstones of the upper Tataaiertag Formation. These mudstones are regarded as the most important regional seal for Silurian oil reservoirs. They contain a significant record of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimate changes which is related to global sea-level changes. Based on a systematic and continuous sedimentary study and multiple geochemistry analyses of samples taken from the Sishichang outcrop profile in west of the Tarim Basin, the Early-Middle Silurian palaeoclimate and sea-level curve have been reconstructed. The Early-Middle Silurian Tarim Basin encountered five intervals of climate change, from humid transitioning to semi-humid and dry-hot climate which shows signs of generally increasing oxidation. The reconstructed sea-level curve indicates five sea-level cycles throughout the Early-Middle Silurian succession. The most significant sea-level drop occurred during the early Telychian stage, which represents the onset of the red mudstone section of the Tataaiertag Formation. This new sealevel curve shows some differences compared with the earlier proposed global sealevel curves. The dry-hot climate occurred during the late Telychian stage and the beginning of Wenlock age. The Early-Middle Silurian sea-level change of the TarimBasin was mostly synchronical to the eustacy. However, regional tectonic activities during the early Telychian stage further enhanced the effect of the global sea-level fall and lead to a dry-hot climate trend which also caused the creation of the red beds of the Silurian period.

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The end-Ordovician mass extinction: A single-pulse event?

Cited by 83 publications

References 107 publications

Persistent global marine euxinia in the early Silurian

Persistent global marine euxinia in the early Silurian

Constraining the biotic transitions across the end‐Ordovician mass extinction in South China: Bio‐ and chemostratigraphy of the Wulipo Formation in the Meitan area of northern Guizhou

The Silurian red beds of Tarim Basin: Signals of palaeoenvironment, palaeoclimate, and sea‐level change

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