The Emotional Content of Faces Interferes with Inhibitory Processing: An Event Related Potential Study

Ramos-Loyo, Julieta; González-Garrido, Andrés A.; García-Aguilar, Gregorio; Río-Portilla, Yolanda del

doi:10.5539/ijps.v5n2p52

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…These cues could trigger immediate and automatized behavioral reactions (like looking at the smartphone, etc.). This consideration is supported by results showing that the inhibition was affected by emotional, auditory, and visual stimuli compared with neutral ones (Albert, López-Martín, & Carretié, 2010;Ramos-Loyo, González-Garrido, García-Aguilar, & Del Río-Portilla, 2013;Yu et al, 2014;Yu et al, 2009). The idea of emotional valence effects could also be relevant for specific psychological/psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Are you able not to react to what you hear? Inhibition behavior measured with an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm

Wegmann

Brand

Snagowski

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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In everyday life people have to attend to, react to, or inhibit reactions to visual and acoustic cues. These abilities are frequently measured with Go/NoGo tasks using visual stimuli. However, these abilities have rarely been examined with auditory cues. The aims of our study (N = 106) are to develop an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm and to describe brain-healthy participants' performance. We tested convergent validity of the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm by analyzing the correlations with other neuropsychological tasks assessing attentional control and executive functions. We also analyzed the ecological validity of the task by examining correlations of self-reported impulsivity. In the first step we found that the participants are able to differentiate correctly among several sounds and also to appropriately react or inhibit a certain reaction most of the times. Convergent validity was suggested by correlations between the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm and the Color Word Interference Test, Trail Making Test, and Modified Card Sorting Test. We did not find correlations with self-reported impulsivity. Overall, the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm may be used to assess attention and inhibition in the context of auditory stimuli. Future studies may adapt the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm with specific acoustic stimuli (e.g., sound of opening a bottle) in order to address cognitive biases in particular disorders (e.g., alcohol dependence).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Are you able not to react to what you hear? Inhibition behavior measured with an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm

Wegmann

Brand

Snagowski

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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“…It suggests that negative emotions capture attentional resources, at the expense of cognitive processing, probably due to their survival value. 12,25,43 In contrast to the hyper-reactive pattern in violent patients, NV were minimally responsive to emotional stimuli, evidencing no significant change in reaction time, in N2 or P3. Their poor task performance is not associated with impulsive/reactive propensities, as is the case with VS, but instead reflects cognitive perseveration and negative symptoms, which also interfere with response inhibition.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Differences Among the Groupsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…10,11 The emotional impact of stimuli can interfere with response inhibition, as it places extra demands on neural resources. 12 This is particularly true of schizophrenia where these resources are already compromised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances in Response Inhibition and Emotional Processing as Potential Pathways to Violence in Schizophrenia: A High-Density Event-Related Potential Study

Krakowski

Sanctis

Foxe

et al. 2016

SCHBUL

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Objective: Increased susceptibility to emotional triggers and poor response inhibition are important in the etiology of violence in schizophrenia. Our goal was to evaluate abnormalities in neurophysiological mechanisms underlying response inhibition and emotional processing in violent patients with schizophrenia (VS) and 3 different comparison groups: nonviolent patients (NV), healthy controls (HC) and nonpsychotic violent subjects (NPV). Methods: We recorded high-density Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and behavioral responses during an Emotional Go/NoGo Task in 35 VS, 24 NV, 28 HC and 31 NPV subjects. We also evaluated psychiatric symptoms and impulsivity. Results: The neural and behavioral deficits in violent patients were most pronounced when they were presented with negative emotional stimuli: They responded more quickly than NV when they made commission errors (ie, failure of inhibition), and evidenced N2 increases and P3 decreases. In contrast, NVs showed little change in reaction time or ERP amplitude with emotional stimuli. These N2 and P3 amplitude changes in VSs showed a strong association with greater impulsivity. Besides these group specific changes, VSs shared deficits with NV, mostly N2 reduction, and with violent nonpsychotic subjects, particularly P3 reduction. Conclusion: Negative affective triggers have a strong impact on violent patients with schizophrenia which may have both behavioral and neural manifestations. The resulting activation could interfere with response inhibition. The affective disruption of response inhibition, identified in this study, may index an important pathway to violence in schizophrenia and suggest new modes of treatment.

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“…Each task comprised two blocks of 100 trials, 70% go trials (140 total trials) and 30% no-go trials (60 total trials). This proportion of Go/NoGo trials was used to establish a dominant "go" response (Benikos et al, 2013;Ramos-Loyo et al, 2013). Trials were presented in random order within each block.…”

Section: Go/no-go Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using generalizability theory and the ERP reliability analysis (ERA) toolbox for assessing test-retest reliability of ERP scores part 2: Application to food-based tasks and stimuli

Carbine

Clayson

Baldwin

et al. 2021

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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If an ERP score is to reflect a trait-like characteristic or indicate if an intervention had an effect over time, adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability of that ERP score across multiple testing sessions must be established. The current paper is a companion paper to Clayson et al. (current issue) that applied generalizability theory formulas and the ERP Reliability Analysis (ERA) Toolbox to assess test-retest and internal consistency in a dataset of eventrelated brain potentials (ERPs) assessing food-related cognition. Although ERPs in response to food cues have been related to eating behaviors or assessed during a health intervention, the reliability of food-related ERPs generally has not been tested. Within the generalizability theory framework, we assessed the stability (cf., test-retest reliability) and equivalence (cf., internal consistency) of four commonly used food-related ERPs: the late positive potential (LPP), centroparietal P3, N2, and fronto-central P3. 132 participants (92 female) completed two testing sessions held two weeks apart. During the sessions, participants completed a passive food viewing task, a high-calorie go/no-go task, and a low-calorie go/no-go task in a counterbalanced fashion. Coefficients of equivalence for all ERPs were excellent (> .96). Coefficients of stability were moderate-to-low, with N2 scores on the low-calorie go/no-go task showing the highest testretest reliability (> .65) and fronto-central P3 scores on the high-calorie go/no-go task showing the lowest (.48). Results suggest the ERPs in the current dataset have high internal consistency and would be reliable in detecting individual differences, but their test-retest reliability is limited. Reliability of these ERPs may be improved with changes in task stimuli, task instructions, and study procedures.

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The Emotional Content of Faces Interferes with Inhibitory Processing: An Event Related Potential Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 61 publications

Are you able not to react to what you hear? Inhibition behavior measured with an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm

Are you able not to react to what you hear? Inhibition behavior measured with an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm

Disturbances in Response Inhibition and Emotional Processing as Potential Pathways to Violence in Schizophrenia: A High-Density Event-Related Potential Study

Using generalizability theory and the ERP reliability analysis (ERA) toolbox for assessing test-retest reliability of ERP scores part 2: Application to food-based tasks and stimuli

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