The emerging terrestrial record of Aptian-Albian global change

Ludvigson, Greg A.; Joeckel, R.M.; Murphy, Laura R.; Stöckli, Daniel F.; González, Luis A.; Suarez, Celina A.; Kirkland, James I.; Suwaidi, Aisha Al

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.11.008

Cited by 56 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The Sevier Mountains and Mogollon Highlands confined the Cedar Mountain Formation to the west and south. Detrital zircon provenance (Ludvigson et al, 2015) indicate sediment sources from these highlands, which is consistent with flow directions toward the north (e.g., Harris, 1980). The Cedar Mountain Formation was deposited over 30 M.y.…”

Section: Study Site and Previous Worksupporting

confidence: 65%

“…(Kirkland et al, 1997), and best age constraints for the inverted-channel-rich Ruby Ranch Member bracket it with tephra to between 103.7±2.6 M.a. (Ludvigson et al, 2015) and 98.2±0.6 M.a. (Garrison et al, 2007) (Fig.…”

Section: Study Site and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The strata in the ridges represent net deposition over significant time, rather than preservation of a geomorphic surface. One can A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T estimate the minimum time represented as tens of thousands of years based on the presence of paleosols (Garrison et al, 2007), and a maximum duration of several millions of years based on ages of volcanic ash within the Ruby Ranch stratigraphy (Ludvigson et al, 2015;Garrison et al, 2007;Fig. 4).…”

Section: Depositional Environment Of Ridge-forming Stratamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15A Left) representative stratigraphic section of Ruby Ranch member (after Kirkland et al, 1997; with revised dates from Ludvigson et al, 2015;Garrison et al, 2007). The Ruby Ranch member deposition duration is constrained by ash dates from the basal contact with the Buckhorn conglomerate (Garrison et al, 2007) and a bed within the Mussentuchit (Ludvigson et al, 2015) that unconformably overlies the Ruby Ranch Member, to within 5.5 M.y. Right) Interpreted paleogeography of the study area (after Ludvigson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ruby Ranch member deposition duration is constrained by ash dates from the basal contact with the Buckhorn conglomerate (Garrison et al, 2007) and a bed within the Mussentuchit (Ludvigson et al, 2015) that unconformably overlies the Ruby Ranch Member, to within 5.5 M.y. Right) Interpreted paleogeography of the study area (after Ludvigson et al, 2015). versus distance along a ridge centerline, with linear-least-squares-fits to caprock top surfaces (interpreted to be minimally eroded; see Section 7.2) given in dotted gray lines.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of sinuous ridges by inversion of river-channel belts in Utah, USA, with implications for Mars

Hayden

Lamb

Fischer

et al. 2019

Icarus

154

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Sinuous ridges are important landforms on the surface of Mars that show promise for quantifying ancient martian surface hydrology. Morphological similarity of these ridges to river channels in planform led to a hypothesis that ridges are topographically inverted river channels, or "inverted channels", formed due to an erosion-resistant channel-filling material that preserved a snapshot of the channel geometry in inverted relief due to differential erosion. An alternative depositinversion hypothesis proposes that ridges represent exhumed river-channel belts, with geometries that reflect the lateral migration and vertical aggradation of rivers over significant geologic time, rather than the original channel geometry. To investigate these hypotheses we studied sinuous ridges within the Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation near Green River, Utah, USA. Ridges in Utah extend for hundreds of meters, are up to 120 meters wide, and stand up to 39 meters above the surrounding plain. Ridges are capped by sandstone bodies 3-10 meters thick that contain dune-and bar-scale inclined stratification, which we interpret as eroded remnants of channel ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 4/18/2019 12:45 PM belts that record the migration and aggradation of single-thread, sand-bedded rivers, rather than channel fills that can preserve the original channel geometry. Caprocks overlie mudstones and thinner sandstone beds that are interpreted as floodplain deposits, and in cases additional channel-belt sandstones are present lower in the ridge stratigraphy. Apparent networks from branching ridges typically represent discrete sandstone bodies that cross at different stratigraphic levels rather than a coeval river network. Ridge-forming sandstone bodies also have been narrowed during exhumation by cliff retreat and bisected by fluvial erosion. Using a large compilation of channel-belt geometries on Earth and our measurements of ridges in Utah, we propose that caprock thickness is the most reliable indicator of paleo-channel geometry, and can be used to reconstruct river depth and discharge. In contrast, channel lateral migration and caprock erosion during exhumation make ridge breadth an uncertain proxy for channel width. An example in Aeolis Dorsa, Mars, illustrates that river discharge estimates based solely on caprock width may differ significantly from estimates based on caprock thickness. Overall, our study suggests that sinuous ridges are not inverted channel fills, but rather reflect exhumation of a thick stratigraphic package of stacked channel belts and overbank deposits formed from depositional rivers over significant geologic time.

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Section: Study Site and Previous Worksupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Study Site and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Depositional Environment Of Ridge-forming Stratamentioning

confidence: 99%