The Emerging Roles of Human Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Guo, Qianqian; Qin, Hai; Li, Xueling; Zhang, Xinxin; Chen, Zelong; Qin, Tingting; Chang, Ling‐Sai; Zhang, Wenzhou

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.915047

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…We identified the well known promoters in colorectal carcinogenesis, Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Rubinstein et al., 2013 ), based on its sharply increased abundance in T1 stage tumors ( Figure 5A ). Similarly, three well known CRC-associated taxa, F. nucleatum , Bacteroides fragilis , and Campylobacter concisus ( Guo et al., 2022 ), were enriched in the advanced T4 stage tumors ( Figure 5B ). Thus, there is a lack of consistency in the bacterial taxa associated with CRC progression, in accordance with studies conducted previously ( Feng et al., 2015 ; Mizutani et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Given that the gut microbiome is an important etiological element in the initiation and progression of CRC ( Montalban-Arques and Scharl, 2019 ; Cheng et al., 2020 ; Mizutani et al., 2020 ; Guo et al., 2022 ), sufficient and accurate identification of CRC associated taxa could facilitate the targets for diagnosis and therapy. We identified the well known promoters in colorectal carcinogenesis, Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Rubinstein et al., 2013 ), based on its sharply increased abundance in T1 stage tumors ( Figure 5A ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some problems have occurred with the TNM system, such as increasing complexity of CRC, poor clinical evidence, tumor deposits, and un-reproducibility between different observers ( Quirke et al., 2007 ), which in turn confuse the accuracy of identified CRC stage and subsequent therapy. It is now widely recognized that the microbes contribute indispensable roles in host health and gastrointestinal tumor progression ( Marchesi et al., 2016 ; Xiong, 2018 ; Guo et al., 2022 ). In accordance, intensive studies have shown dysbiosis (shift in gut commensal microbiota toward opportunistic pathogens) in the gut microbiota in CRC patients compared with healthy controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tumor bacterial markers diagnose the initiation and four stages of colorectal cancer

Cai

Xiong²,

Sha³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Increasing evidence has supported dysbiosis in the faecal microbiome along control-adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In contrast, the data is lacking for in situ tumor bacterial community over colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, resulting in the uncertainties of identifying CRC-associated taxa and diagnosing the sequential CRC stages. Through comprehensive collection of benign polyps (BP, N = 45) and the tumors (N = 50) over the four CRC stages, we explored the dynamics of bacterial communities over CRC progression using amplicons sequencing. Canceration was the primarily factor governing the bacterial community, followed by the CRC stages. Besides confirming known CRC-associated taxa using differential abundance, we identified new CRC driver species based on their keystone features in NetShift, including Porphyromonas endodontalis, Ruminococcus torques and Odoribacter splanchnicus. Tumor environments were less selective for stable core community, resulting in heterogeneity in bacterial communities over CRC progression, as supported by higher average variation degree, lower occupancy and specificity compared with BP. Intriguingly, tumors could recruit beneficial taxa antagonizing CRC-associated pathogens at CRC initiation, a pattern known as “cry-for-help”. By distinguishing age- from CRC stage-associated taxa, the top 15 CRC stage-discriminatory taxa contributed an overall 87.4% accuracy in diagnosing BP and each CRC stage, in which no CRC patients were falsely diagnosed as BP. The accuracy of diagnosis model was unbiased by human age and gender. Collectively, our findings provide new CRC-associated taxa and updated interpretations for CRC carcinogenesis from an ecological perspective. Moving beyond stratifying case-control, the CRC-stage discriminatory taxa could add the diagnosis of BP and the four CRC stages, especially the patients with poor pathological feature and un-reproducibility between two observers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tumor bacterial markers diagnose the initiation and four stages of colorectal cancer

Cai

Xiong²,

Sha³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…In the case of Bifidobacterium , it was noted that the activation of dendritic cells and the CD8 + T-cell response directed at cancer cells increased with the participation of these bacteria. In addition, a few studies indicate that Bifidobacterium is able to influence the intestinal microflora and its change so that it is dependent on Treg lymphocytes, which consequently translates into an improvement in intestinal Treg suppressive functions, thus reducing inflammation in the colon during treatment with blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 [ 136 ]. At the same time, B. fragilis bacteria can activate Th1 lymphocytes [ 137 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Selected Microorganisms and Immunity In The Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of these microorganisms influenced the promotion of the Th1 spleen memory and the activation of the Th17 response. Moreover, in the case of chemotherapy, the microbiome may affect innate immunity by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as by reducing the number of cells presenting the antigen [ 136 ]. At the same time, the antitumor role of microbiota still requires further research, a deeper understanding and an understanding of the relationship between the systemic influence of microbiota on the immune system and the role of microflora in the treatment of cancer, in particular cancer of the digestive system [ 137 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Selected Microorganisms and Immunity In The Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and the Immune System—Actors in the Gastric Cancer Story

Majewski

Mertowska

Mertowski

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Gastric cancer remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the world, with a relatively high mortality rate. Due to the heterogeneous course of the disease, its diagnosis and treatment are limited and difficult, and it is associated with a reduced prognosis for patients. That is why it is so important to understand the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of this cancer, with particular emphasis on the role of risk factors. According to the literature data, risk factors include: changes in the composition of the stomach and intestinal microbiota (microbiological dysbiosis and the participation of Helicobacter pylori), improper diet, environmental and genetic factors, and disorders of the body’s immune homeostasis. Therefore, the aim of this review is to systematize the knowledge on the influence of human microbiota dysbiosis on the development and progression of gastric cancer, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system in this process.

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The diagnostic potential of miR-196a-1 in colorectal cancer

Mehrjoei,

Haghnazari,

Bashiri

et al. 2024

BMC Cancer

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Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important epigenetic alterations that notably impact various physiological and pathological processes by acting as negative regulators of gene expression. Furthermore, they have a vital function in different types of cancers, including CRC. In this research, we evaluated, for the very first time, the expression levels of miR-196a-1 in the tissue and plasma of patients with CRC and also homeobox D8 (HOXD8) as the target gene. Materials and methods This study included a collection of 220 plasma and tissue samples from 55 patients diagnosed with CRC, as well as 55 healthy individuals matched by age and sex. Total RNA was extracted from plasma and tissue samples, and then polyadenylation and cDNA synthesis were performed. The expression levels of miR-196a-1 and HOXD8 as target gene was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. We compared the diagnostic value of plasma miR-196a-1 with that of the circulating tumor markers CA19-9 and CEA using a Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. The association of miR-196a-1 with clinicopathological characteristics was assessed in tissue and plasma samples from patients with CRC. Results Our data demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-196a-1 in the tissue and plasma samples of CRC patients were 11.426- and 11.655-fold higher, respectively than those in adjacent normal tissue and plasma samples from normal subjects (p < 0.001). Through ROC curve analysis, it was identified that the sensitivity and specificity of miR-196a-1 for tissue samples, with an AUC of 0.925, were 89% and 98%, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity for plasma samples with an AUC of 0.801 were 70% and 98%, respectively. These findings reveal that miR-196a-1 is a useful biomarker for discriminating cases from controls. Furthermore, the expression of HOXD8 was not significantly altered in tumor tissue samples compared to adjacent normal tissues (P > 0.05). Conclusions These results show that miR-196a-1 has an oncogenic impact and plays a significant role in CRC development. The results also indicate that miR-196a-1 could serve as a novel noninvasive biomarker for the detection of CRC.

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The Emerging Roles of Human Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Cited by 6 publications

References 188 publications

Tumor bacterial markers diagnose the initiation and four stages of colorectal cancer

Tumor bacterial markers diagnose the initiation and four stages of colorectal cancer

Microbiota and the Immune System—Actors in the Gastric Cancer Story

The diagnostic potential of miR-196a-1 in colorectal cancer

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