The Emerging Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Knowledge and Perspectives

Papadopoulos, Panagiotis D.; Tsigalou, Christina; Valsamaki, Pipitsa; Konstantinidis, Theocharis; Voidarou, C.; Bezirtzoglou, Eugenia

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10050948

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 186 publications

(185 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hypertension and high serum cholesterol are one of the major predisposing factors for CVD. Intestinal Lactobacillus colonies exert protective effect on the heart by regulating atheroinflammatory response, cholesterol metabolism, oxidative stress response, and gut-derived functional metabolites production such as TMAO, SCFAs, LPS, and BA ( Companys et al, 2021 ; Papadopoulos et al, 2022 ). Of note, researchers also support that lactobacillus interventions could significantly impart a cardioprotective role by regulating the abundance and diversity of selective gut microbial flora ( Zhao et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Genus Lactobacillus and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

Rastogi

Singh

2022

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla Firmicutes are the most important probiotic bacteria of the gut microbiome. These gut-residing Lactobacillus species not only communicate with each other but also with the gut epithelial lining to balance the gut barrier integrity, mucosal barrier defence and ameliorate the host immune responses. The human body suffers from several inflammatory diseases affecting the gut, lungs, heart, bone or neural tissues. Mounting evidence supports the significant role of Lactobacillus spp. and their components (such as metabolites, peptidoglycans, and/or surface proteins) in modulatingimmune responses, primarily through exchange of immunological signals between gastrointestinal tract and distant organs. This bidirectional crosstalk which is mediated by Lactobacillus spp. promotes anti-inflammatory response, thereby supporting the improvement of symptoms pertaining to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neuroinflammatory diseases (such as multiple sclerosis, alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease), cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic infections in patients. The metabolic disorders, obesity and diabetes are characterized by a low-grade inflammation. Genus Lactobacillus alleviates metabolic disorders by regulating the oxidative stress response and inflammatory pathways. Osteoporosis is also associated with bone inflammation and resorption. The Lactobacillus spp. and their metabolites act as powerful immune cell controllers and exhibit a regulatory role in bone resorption and formation, supporting bone health. Thus, this review demonstrated the mechanisms and summarized the evidence of the benefit of Lactobacillus spp. in alleviating inflammatory diseases pertaining to different organs from animal and clinical trials. The present narrative review explores in detail the complex interactions between the gut-dwelling Lactobacillus spp. and the immune components in distant organs to promote host’s health.

show abstract

Section: Genus Lactobacillus and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

Rastogi

Singh

2022

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In both diseases, the bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii show a negative correlation [ 34 ]. Furthermore, Papadopolous et al [ 28 ] emphasise in their review that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is the decisive cause for a large number of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Effect Of Probiotics On Glucose Metabolism and Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selected microbial strains commonly known as probiotics have been documented to have a beneficial effect on glycaemic control in the blood (reviewed in [ 13 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]). In addition, there is growing evidence that microorganisms play an important role in glucose homeostasis, particularly in metabolic conditions such as obesity and obesity-induced insulin resistance [ 14 , 15 ], metabolic syndrome [ 16 , 17 ], type 2 diabetes [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 27 ] and cardiovascular disorders [ 23 , 28 ]. Despite different opinions on the terminology of probiotics [ 29 ], a microorganism can be classified as a probiotic if it meets most of the safety, functional, technological and physiological criteria [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Mechanisms Affecting Glucose Homeostasis: A Scoping Review

Pintarič

Langerholc

2022

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The maintenance of a healthy status depends on the coexistence between the host organism and the microbiota. Early studies have already focused on the nutritional properties of probiotics, which may also contribute to the structural changes in the gut microbiota, thereby affecting host metabolism and homeostasis. Maintaining homeostasis in the body is therefore crucial and is reflected at all levels, including that of glucose, a simple sugar molecule that is an essential fuel for normal cellular function. Despite numerous clinical studies that have shown the effect of various probiotics on glucose and its homeostasis, knowledge about the exact function of their mechanism is still scarce. The aim of our review was to select in vivo and in vitro studies in English published in the last eleven years dealing with the effects of probiotics on glucose metabolism and its homeostasis. In this context, diverse probiotic effects at different organ levels were highlighted, summarizing their potential mechanisms to influence glucose metabolism and its homeostasis. Variations in results due to different methodological approaches were discussed, as well as limitations, especially in in vivo studies. Further studies on the interactions between probiotics, host microorganisms and their immunity are needed.

show abstract

“…CAD is a CVD with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world, and is closely related to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis ( 128 ). According to the research, gut microbiota may be an important diagnostic marker for CAD in the future ( 129 ).…”

Section: Tmao and Coronary Artery Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular diseases

Jing

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are exceedingly high worldwide. Researchers have found that the occurrence and development of CVDs are closely related to intestinal microecology. Imbalances in intestinal microecology caused by changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota will eventually alter intestinal metabolites, thus transforming the host physiological state from healthy mode to pathological mode. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is produced from the metabolism of dietary choline and L-carnitine by intestinal microbiota, and many studies have shown that this important product inhibits cholesterol metabolism, induces platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and promotes atherosclerosis. TMAO is directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs and is an important risk factor affecting the occurrence and even prognosis of CVDs. This review presents the biological and chemical characteristics of TMAO, and the process of TMAO produced by gut microbiota. In particular, the review focuses on summarizing how the increase of gut microbial metabolite TMAO affects CVDs including atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, and other CVD-related diseases. Understanding the mechanism of how increases in TMAO promotes CVDs will potentially facilitate the identification and development of targeted therapy for CVDs.

show abstract

The Emerging Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Knowledge and Perspectives

Cited by 17 publications

References 186 publications

Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

Probiotic Mechanisms Affecting Glucose Homeostasis: A Scoping Review

The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular diseases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About