The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Xiao, Jason; Zhang, Jason Y.; Luo, Wendy; He, P Cody; Skondra, Dimitra

doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.006

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Higher levels of SCFAs, such as propionate, acetate, and butyrate, were further associated with glaucoma patients with a GM high in Dysgonamonadaceae species (71). AMD presents no single microbial signature, but specific shifts like increased Prevotella and Holdemanella point toward potential risk factors (72). High-fat and high-glycemic diets exacerbate AMD by altering the microbiome and promoting inflammatory markers (72).…”

Section: The Gut-eye Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMD presents no single microbial signature, but specific shifts like increased Prevotella and Holdemanella point toward potential risk factors (72). High-fat and high-glycemic diets exacerbate AMD by altering the microbiome and promoting inflammatory markers (72). Uveitis patients exhibit a gut lacking diversity and are enriched in pro-inflammatory bacteria, with depleted butyrate-producing bacteria crucial for gut barrier function and anti-inflammatory response (73).…”

Section: The Gut-eye Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

Nguyen,

Rudd Zhong Manis,

Ronczkowski

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and ocular health has surpassed conventional medical beliefs, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of organ interconnectivity. This review investigates into the intricate relationship between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and their consequential impact on ocular health and disease pathogenesis. By examining the role of specific metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate and bile acids (BAs), herein we elucidate their significant contributions to ocular pathologies, thought-provoking the traditional belief of organ sterility, particularly in the field of ophthalmology. Highlighting the dynamic nature of the gut microbiota and its profound influence on ocular health, this review underlines the necessity of comprehending the complex workings of the gut-eye axis, an emerging field of science ready for further exploration and scrutiny. While acknowledging the therapeutic promise in manipulating the gut microbiome and its metabolites, the available literature advocates for a targeted, precise approach. Instead of broad interventions, it emphasizes the potential of exploiting specific microbiome-related metabolites as a focused strategy. This targeted approach compared to a precision tool rather than a broad-spectrum solution, aims to explore the therapeutic applications of microbiome-related metabolites in the context of various retinal diseases. By proposing a nuanced strategy targeted at specific microbial metabolites, this review suggests that addressing specific deficiencies or imbalances through microbiome-related metabolites might yield expedited and pronounced outcomes in systemic health, extending to the eye. This focused strategy holds the potential in bypassing the irregularity associated with manipulating microbes themselves, paving a more efficient pathway toward desired outcomes in optimizing gut health and its implications for retinal diseases.

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Section: The Gut-eye Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Gut-eye Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

Nguyen,

Rudd Zhong Manis,

Ronczkowski

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence of AMD continues to rise worldwide and remarkably increases with age despite significant geographic and lifestyle differences. Currently, the global estimate of AMD prevalence is 196 million, projected to rise to 288 million by 2040 (Xiao et al, 2023), and is anticipated to exceed 498 million by 2050 (Lima-Fontes et al, 2022). The progression of AMD is significantly influenced by factors such as aging, photodamage, obesity (Tian et al, 2023), dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation (Ghosh et al, 2022;de Almeida Torres et al, 2022), hypertension (Zhang et al, 2022), smoking, and internal eye surgery (Ng Yin Ling et al, 2021;Abusharkh et al, 2023;Muraleva and Kolosova, 2023) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration: exploring the gut microbiota’s influence

Yu,

Liu,

Meng

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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The pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative retinopathy, remains unclear. Administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, antioxidants, fundus lasers, photodynamic therapy, and transpupillary warming has proven effective in alleviating symptoms; however, these interventions cannot prevent or reverse AMD. Increasing evidence suggests that AMD risk is linked to changes in the composition, abundance, and diversity of the gut microbiota (GM). Activation of multiple signaling pathways by GM metabolites, including lipopolysaccharides, oxysterols, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bile acids (BAs), influences retinal physiology. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known for its multi-component and multi-target advantages, can help treat AMD by altering GM composition and regulating the levels of certain substances, such as lipopolysaccharides, reducing oxysterols, and increasing SCFA and BA contents. This review explores the correlation between GM and AMD and interventions for the two to provide new perspectives on treating AMD with TCM.

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“…Gradual degeneration of the outer retina and the formation of new blood vessels between the retina and Bruch's membrane can advance to geographic atrophic or choroidal neovascular AMD, commonly known as dry and wet AMD, respectively (Figure 2). It is estimated that the worldwide occurrence of AMD stands at 196 million, with projections suggesting an increase to 288 million by 2040 (Xiao et al, 2023). RPE cells are known for high oxygen consumption, continuous photostimulation, and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation product exposure (Kaarniranta et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential application of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration—focusing on mitophagy

Yu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Retinal pigment epithelial cell and neuroretinal damage in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can lead to serious visual impairments and blindness. Studies have shown that mitophagy, a highly specialized cellular degradation system, is implicated in the pathogenesis of AMD. Mitophagy selectively eliminates impaired or non-functioning mitochondria via several pathways, such as the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1/Parkin, BCL2-interacting protein 3 and NIP3-like protein X, FUN14 domain-containing 1, and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. This has a major impact on the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, the regulation of mitophagy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for AMD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) uses natural products that could potentially prevent and treat various diseases, such as AMD. This review aims to summarize recent findings on mitophagy regulation pathways and the latest progress in AMD treatment targeting mitophagy, emphasizing methods involving TCM.

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The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cited by 7 publications

References 81 publications

Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration: exploring the gut microbiota’s influence

Potential application of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration—focusing on mitophagy

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