Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), a disease with whole-joint damage and dysfunction, is the leading cause of disability worldwide. The progressive loss of hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered as its hallmark, but its exact pathogenesis needs to be further clarified. MicroRNA(miRNA) contributes to OA pathology and may help to identify novel biomarkers and therapies against OA. Here we identified miR-214À3p as an important regulator of OA. Methods: qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression level of miR-214À3p. The function of miR-214À3p in OA, as well as the interaction between miR-214À3p and its downstream mRNA target (IKBKB), was evaluated by western blotting, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and luciferase assay. Mice models were introduced to examine the function and mechanism of miR-214À3p in OA in vivo. Findings: In our study, we found that miR-214À3p, while being down-regulated in inflamed chondrocytes and OA cartilage, regulated ECM metabolism and cell apoptosis in the cartilage. Mechanically, the protective effect of miR-214À3p downregulated the IKK-b expression and led to the dysfunction of NF-kB signaling pathway. Furthermore, intra-articular injection of miR-214À3p antagomir in mice joints triggered spontaneous cartilage loss while miRNA-214À3p agomir alleviated OA in the experimental mouse models. Interpretation: Decreased miR-214À3p activates the NF-kB signaling pathway and aggravates OA development through targeting IKKb, suggesting miR-214À3p may be a novel therapeutic target for OA.