The emerging role of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Mirzaei, Rasoul; Babakhani, Sajad; Ajorloo, Parisa; Ahmadi, Razieh Heidari; Hosseini‐Fard, Seyed Reza; Keyvani, Hossein; Ahmadyousefi, Yaghoub; Teimoori, Ali; Zamani, Farhad; Karampoor, Sajad; Yousefimashouf, Rasoul

doi:10.1186/s10020-021-00296-1

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 280 publications

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“…So far, most clinical diagnosis methods have inherent limitations ( Pai et al, 2016 ). Methods like smear microscopy and mycobacterium culture have insufficient sensitivity and timeliness and have a poor detection rate of smear-negative PTB ( Walzl et al, 2011 ; Fang et al, 2021 ; Mirzaei et al, 2021 ), while interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) unable to discriminate between LTBI and ATB ( Walzl et al, 2018 ). The recent recommendations of the WHO include non-pathogen-based detection to improve the identification of clinically diagnosed TB with rapid and universal methods ( Martinez and Andrews, 2019 ).…”

Section: Long Non-coding Rnas As Diagnosis Biomarkers In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers

Zhang

Chen

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading lethal infectious disease with 1.3 million deaths in 2020. Despite significant advances have been made in detection techniques and therapeutic approaches for tuberculosis, no suitable diagnostic tools are available for early and precise screening. Many studies have reported that Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a regulatory role in gene expression in the host immune response against Mtb. Dysregulation of lncRNAs expression patterns associated with immunoregulatory pathways arose in mycobacterial infection. Meanwhile, host-induced lncRNAs regulate antibacterial processes such as apoptosis and autophagy to limit bacterial proliferation. In this review, we try to summarize the latest reports on how dysregulated expressed lncRNAs influence host immune response in tuberculosis infection. We also discuss their potential clinical prospects for tuberculosis diagnosis and development as molecular biomarkers.

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Section: Long Non-coding Rnas As Diagnosis Biomarkers In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers

Zhang

Chen

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…90 Other novel microbiological assessments include exosomal microRNA sequencing as a potential diagnostic marker for intracellular pathogens that secretes exosomes such as in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 91 Single molecule long read sequencing (third generation sequencing) is also a promising development. The longer reads offer high speed pathogen identification that may facilitate even more expedited clinical management decisions.…”

Section: Future Diagnostic Assessment In Critically Ill Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology Assessments in Critically Ill Patients

Brink

Centner

Opperman

2022

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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The prevalence of suspected or proven infections in critically ill patients is high, with a substantial attributable risk to in-hospital mortality. Coordinated guidance and interventions to improve the appropriate microbiological assessment for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions are therefore pivotal. Conventional microbiology follows the paradigm of “best practice” of specimen selection and collection, governed by laboratory processing and standard operating procedures, and informed by the latest developments and trends. In this regard, the preanalytical phase of a microbiological diagnosis is crucial since inadequate sampling may result in the incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate management. In addition, the isolation and detection of contaminants interfere with multiple intensive care unit (ICU) processes, which confound the therapeutic approach to critically ill patients. To facilitate bedside enablement, the microbiology laboratory should provide expedited feedback, reporting, and interpretation of results. Compared with conventional microbiology, novel rapid and panel-based diagnostic strategies have the clear advantages of a rapid turnaround time, the detection of many microorganisms including antimicrobial resistant determinants and thus promise substantial improvements in health care. However, robust data on the clinical evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests in presumed sepsis, sepsis and shock are extremely limited and more rigorous intervention studies, focusing on direct benefits for critically ill patients, are pivotal before widespread adoption of their use through the continuum of ICU stay. Advocating the use of these diagnostics without firmly establishing which patients would benefit most, how to interpret the results, and how to treat according to the results obtained, could in fact be counterproductive with regards to diagnostic “best practice” and antimicrobial stewardship. Thus, for the present, they may supplement but not yet supplant conventional microbiological assessments.

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“…( 172 ). In particular, the role of exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers of TB is of interest ( 173 ). MiRNAs miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-26a, miR-106a, miR-191, miR-486 are differentially expressed in exosomes from TB compared to healthy individuals ( 174 ).…”

Section: Non-coding Rnas As Markers Of Active Tb and Ltbimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Kundu

Basu

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Non-coding RNAs have emerged as critical regulators of the immune response to infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which regulate host defense mechanisms against viruses, bacteria and fungi. They are involved in the delicate interplay between Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and its host, which dictates the course of infection. Differential expression of miRNAs upon infection with M. tuberculosis, regulates host signaling pathways linked to inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and polarization of macrophages. Experimental evidence suggests that virulent M. tuberculosis often utilize host miRNAs to promote pathogenicity by restricting host-mediated antibacterial signaling pathways. At the same time, host- induced miRNAs augment antibacterial processes such as autophagy, to limit bacterial proliferation. Targeting miRNAs is an emerging option for host-directed therapies. Recent studies have explored the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) in the regulation of the host response to mycobacterial infection. Among other functions, lncRNAs interact with chromatin remodelers to regulate gene expression and also function as miRNA sponges. In this review we attempt to summarize recent literature on how miRNAs and lncRNAs are differentially expressed during the course of M. tuberculosis infection, and how they influence the outcome of infection. We also discuss the potential use of non-coding RNAs as biomarkers of active and latent tuberculosis. Comprehensive understanding of the role of these non-coding RNAs is the first step towards developing RNA-based therapeutics and diagnostic tools for the treatment of TB.

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The emerging role of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Cited by 34 publications

References 280 publications

Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers

Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers

Microbiology Assessments in Critically Ill Patients

The Role of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

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