The purpose of the research is to defi ne how much grain, according to the calculations of German and Ukrainian government experts, Ukraine could have exported in the fi rst half of 1918.The scientifi c novelty of the research is seen in the fact that for the fi rst time in historical science, actual material on the topic is systematized and analyzed, conclusions and generalizations are reasoned.Consideration of the topic leads to the following conclusions. Until 1914, Ukrainian provinces within the Russian Empire produced about 19 million tons of grain annually, of which 4.8 to 5 million tons were exported outside the empire. During the First World War (1914-1917, grain production in Ukraine decreased and there was less export. According to the estimates of the German side, Ukrainian stocks of export grain at the beginning of 1918 had from 2 to 8 million tons, and according to the data of the Ukrainian side, it was from 1 to 3.3 million tons. Based on these calculations, at the negotiations in Brest-Litovsk,