The Emergence of CTX-M-55 in Extended-Sectrum β-Lactamase-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Vegetables Sold in Local Markets of Northern Thailand

Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are spreading worldwide and pose a public health issue. An assessment of their presence in the environment and in food chain products would clarify the pathway of this foodborne transmission. Here, we investigated the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in fresh vegetables purchased from fresh markets in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Overall, 8.8% of the samples collected contained ESBL-producing E. coli, of which 81.3% were multidrug-resistant. All isolates carried the blaCTX-M-55 gene, and 10 isolates contained the ISEcp1 gene. One E. coli strain carried blaCTX-M-55 coexisting with blaTEM-1. Thirteen different sequence types (ST48,

Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and additional co-existence with mcr genes from river water in northern Thailand

“…Most E. coli observed in this study belong to the phylogroup B1 (46.5%), A (17.4%), and C (16.3%), in accordance with a previous study ( Chotinantakul, Woottisin & Okada, 2022 ). On the other hand, phylogroup A was the predominant type isolated from dairy farm wastewater in Chiang Mai ( Saekhow & Sriphannam, 2021 ).…”

“…This is in agreement with a previous study, related to E. coli isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in Phayao, which is close to Chiang Rai province ( Srimora et al, 2021 ). A study in ESBL-producing E. coli from vegetables in Chiang Rai demonstrated that most isolates were resistant to aztreonam, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfonamide ( Chotinantakul, Woottisin & Okada, 2022 ), while ESBL isolates in this work were occasionally resistant to gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfonamide. Taken together, our data would suggest that river waters are likely to be the reservoir of MDR E. coli that could disseminate resistance genes over extensive areas.…”

“…In northern Thailand, CTX-M-55 and CTX-M-14 were prevalent in ESBL isolates from healthy humans and pigs ( Lay et al, 2021 ; Seenama, Thamlikitkul & Ratthawongjirakul, 2019 ). Furthermore, CTX-M-55 was found in ESBL-producing E. coli cultured from fresh vegetables ( Chotinantakul, Woottisin & Okada, 2022 ). The occurrence of ESBL-positive strains emphasizes the importance of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria that can be distributed in the main rivers of Chiang Rai.…”

Prevalence of Chromosomally Located bla CTX-M-55 in Salmonella Typhimurium ST34 Isolates Recovered from a Tertiary Hospital in Guangzhou, China

“…CTX-M-55 was first found in E. coli in Thailand in 2005 ( 15 ) and first detected in Salmonella in China in 2011 ( 21 ). Recently, the detection rate of CTX-M-55 identified in ESBLs E. coli has increased gradually worldwide, especially in China, irrespective of the clinic, livestock industry, and environment ( 22 – 29 ). In several studies ( 16 , 23 , 30 ), the detection rate of CTX-M-55 in E. coli has exceeded the rate of CTX-M-15, becoming the second prevalent ESBLs in China.…”

Multidrug-resistant extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from farm produce and agricultural environments in Edo State, Nigeria

“…Z 1-α/2 = Standard normal variant at 5% type I error (P < 0.05); P = Expected prevalence of 4.0-10.12% was based on previous studies [7,21,[28][29][30][31][32][33]; d = Absolute error or precision (which is 5%). The expected minimum sample to be collected ranged from 59-140.…”