The emergence of antibiotic resistance in poultry farms

Abstract

Introduction: food safety concerns in poultry processing 2 Common foodborne pathogens associated with poultry 3 Effects of processing operations on carcass contamination: from live transportation to carcass washing 4 Effects of processing operations on carcass contamination: chilling and post-chill processing 5 Regulatory standards for food safety management during poultry slaughter 6 GMP and the HACCP system 7 Antimicrobial treatments used in poultry slaughter: chemical and biological treatments 8 Antimicrobial treatments used in poultry slaughter: physical treatments 9 Assessing the efficacy of pathogen reduction systems: microbial testing 10 Conclusions 11 Where to look for further information 12 References

In Vitro Evaluation of the Impact of the Probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 on Campylobacter jejuni’s Invasion and Intracellular Survival in Human Colonic Cells

“…In light of the increase in antibiotic resistant C. jejuni ( Kassem et al, 2016a ), there is a need to proactively devise alternative approaches to control the proliferation of this pathogen and cognate infections. Several studies have recently investigated the effect of probiotic bacteria on C. jejuni infections in cell lines ( in vitro ) and in animal models such as chickens, a primary host and source of this bacterium ( Baffoni et al, 2017 ; Ekmekciu et al, 2017 ; Johnson et al, 2017 ).…”

“…In the majority of the cases, Campylobacter infections are self-limiting and treatment mainly relies on supportive therapy, while antibiotics can be deployed in severe cases ( Alemka et al, 2010 ). However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter strains has emphasized a need to develop alternatives to treat human infections ( Kassem et al, 2016a ). Of particular interest is exploiting probiotic bacteria as an antibiotic-independent approach to enhance the hosts’ immunity and control infections.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Common Bacterial, Parasitic and Viral Zoonoses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt

“…Live animals and consumption of contaminated food of animal origin (e.g., eggs, meat, poultry and milk) have been implicated in transmission of the bacterium to humans. Also, human-to-human transmission through the fecal-oral route is possible [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Foodborne Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Cattle and Poultry Manure Amended Farms in Northeastern Ohio, the United States

“…Foodborne pathogens cause a self-limiting gastroenteritis and do not require the use of antimicrobials, except in severe cases such as persistent enteritis, bacteremia, and in immunocompromised individuals [ 1 , 10 ]. However, in severe cases, antimicrobial treatments have become limited due to the rise of antimicrobial resistance among these foodborne pathogens, which complicate their treatment and have become a significant public health concern [ 2 , 11 ]. In the USA between 2009–2015, 5760 foodborne outbreaks were reported and the implicated bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic [ 12 , 13 ].…”