The Emergence of 2D MXenes Based Zn‐Ion Batteries: Recent Development and Prospects

Abstract

Rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with exceptional theoretical capacity have garnered significant interest in large‐scale electrochemical energy storage devices due to their low cost, abundant material, inherent safety, high specific energy, and ecofriendly nature. Metal carbides/nitrides, known as MXenes, have emerged as a large family of 2D transition metal carbides or carbonitrides with excellent properties, e.g., high electrical conductivity, large surface functional groups (e.g., F, O, and OH), low energy barriers for the diffusion of electrolyte ions with wide interlayer spaces. After a decade of effort, significant development has been achieved in the synthesis, properties, and applications of MXenes. Thus, it has opened up various exciting opportunities to construct advanced MXene‐based nanostructures for ZIBs with excellent specific energy and power. Herein, this review summarizes the advances across multiple synthesis routes, related properties, morphological and structural characteristics, and chemistries of MXenes for ZIBs. The recent development of MXene‐based electrodes is introduced, and electrolytes for ZIBs are elucidated in detail. MXene‐based rocking chair ZIBs, strategies to enhance the performance of MXene‐based cathodes, suppress the dendrites in MXene‐based anodes, and MXene‐based flexible ZIBs are pointed out. A rational design and modification of the MXenes as well as the production of composites with metal oxides exhibits promise in solving issues and enhancing the electrochemical performance of ZIBs. Finally, the present challenges and future prospects for MXene‐based ZIBs are discussed.

In Situ Nitrogen Functionalization of 2D-Ti3C2Tx-MXenes for High-Performance Zn-Ion Supercapacitor

“…log (i) = b log (v) + log (a) (7) where v denotes the sweep rate, i denotes the peak current density, and a and b denote arbitrary constants. A b-value = 0.5 implied that capacitance was regulated via ionic diffusion, whereas b-value = 1.0 showed that the capacitive mechanism dominated during Using a three-electrode configuration in 1 M ZnSO 4 , the electrochemical performance of pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x -MXene and N-Ti 3 C 2 T x -MXene were investigated.…”

“…Molecules 2022, 27 with high-performing energy conversion devices [5,6]. Particular consideration has been given to designing rechargeable batteries [7] and supercapacitors (SCs) [8]. SCs are simple and risk-free technologies, but their low energy density is a primary limitation.…”

“…However, MXene layers quickly re-stack and agglomerate when sonication stops [26,27]. There have been several attempts to address these issues [7,28]; of these, nitrogen (N)-functionalization of MXene nanosheets is an excellent strategy to boost MXene's performance. Additionally, to achieve excellent improvements in ZISCs' performance, it is essential to incorporate pseudocapacitive properties into the electrode materials [29].…”

Animal- and Human-Inspired Nanostructures as Supercapacitor Electrode Materials: A Review

“…The construction and design of 1D nanoarchitecture and the flexibility of binder-free electrode material have shown great interest for electrode fabrication. The practical capacitance and stability of the metal oxide greatly depend on the composition, synthesis condition, and morphology of the structure [43,63,112,113,114,115,116,117]. Manikandan et al [118] designed binder-free vanadium oxide spider web-like nanostructure by using facile in situ hydrothermal technique for SSC devices.…”

Rapid determination of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins based on 2D/2D MXene/P–BiOCl/Ru(bpy)32+ heterojunction composites to enhance electrochemiluminescence performance

“…Strikingly, MXene not only possesses well-defined layered architectures, muscular mechanical rigidity, superior stability, the active metal centers, but also high surface area. Owing to the outstanding physicochemical characteristics, MXene has exhibited satisfactory performance in various researched fields over the past decade, including supercapacitors [ 39 , 40 ], catalysis [ 41 ], ion batteries [ [42] , [43] , [44] ], solar cells [ 45 ], water purification [ 46 ], electromagnetic interference shielding [ 47 ], sensors [ 48 , 49 ] and so on. The most remarkable thing is that, research evidences show that the MXene based interfacial heterostructure materials are ideal candidates to fabricate effective ECL biosensors in recent years.…”