The Emeishan flood basalt in SW China: A mantle plume initiation model and its connection with continental breakup and mass extinction at the Permian-Triassic Boundary

Chung, Sun‐Lin; Jahn, Bor‐ming; Gen-yao, WU; Lo, Ching–Hua; Cong, Bin

doi:10.1029/gd027p0047

Cited by 109 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Emeishan basalts outcrop over an area in excess of half a million square kilometers (e.g., [195,196]). They have been considered as being a true flood basalt province linked to a starting plume by Chung et al [23]. Since their formation, the Emeishan traps have been severely broken up, deformed and eroded.…”

Section: The Emeishan Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the ages of flood basalt events

Courtillot

Renne

2003

Comptes Rendus. Géoscience

726

400

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We review available data constraining the extent, volume, age and duration of all major Phanerozoic continental flood basalts (CFB or traps) and oceanic plateaus (OP), together forming the group of large igneous provinces (LIP), going from the smallest Columbia flood basalts at ∼16 Ma to the as yet ill-known remnants of a possible trap at ∼360 Ma in eastern Siberia. The 16 traps (CFB and OP) reviewed form a rather unimodal distribution with an initial modal volume of the order of 2.5 Mkm 3 . Most provinces agree with a rather simple first order model in which volcanism may have lasted of the order of 10 Ma, often resulting in continental break-up, but where most of the volume was erupted in about 1 Ma or sometimes less. This makes CFBs/OPs (LIPs) major geodynamic events, with fluxes exceeding the total output of present day hot spots and even possibly exceeding over short times the entire crustal production of mid-ocean ridges. The proposed correlation between trap ages and the ages of several geological events, including mass extinctions and oceanic anoxia, is found to have improved steadily as more data have become available, to the point that the list of trap ages may coincide with many major divisions in the geological time scale. The four largest mass extinctions in the last 260 Ma coincide to the best resolution available with four traps, making a causal connection between the two through some form of catastrophic climatic perturbations the most likely hypothesis. The time sequence of LIPs appears to have been random and there is no robust evidence for long time trends in the corresponding crustal production rate over the last 260 Ma.  2003 Académie des sciences/Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. RésuméNous passons en revue l'ensemble des données qui permettent de contraindre l'étendue, le volume, l'âge et la durée de toutes les grandes provinces magmatiques basaltiques (en anglais LIP) d'âge Phanérozoïque, qu'il s'agisse des trapps ou plateaux basaltiques continentaux (en anglais CFB) ou des plateaux océaniques (OP), allant de la plus récente et plus petite (le plateau de Columbia âgé de ∼16 Ma) à l'une des plus anciennes, encore mal connue, située dans l'Est de la Sibérie et sans doute âgée de ∼360 Ma. Les 16 provinces passées en revue forment une distribution assez unimodale, avec des volumes initiaux de lave de l'ordre de 2,5 Mkm 3 . La plupart des provinces sont compatibles, au premier ordre, avec un modèle simple selon lequel le volcanisme a pu durer une dizaine de millions d'années et a en général conduit à une déchirure des continents et à l'ouverture d'un nouveau bassin océanique, mais où l'essentiel du volume des laves a été émis en environ 1 million d'années, parfois moins. Ceci fait des trapps (des LIP en général) des événements géodynamiques majeurs, avec des flux de matière ayant dépassé la production totale actuelle des points chauds et même, peut-être, pendant de brefs intervalles, la totalité de la production de croûte V.E. Courtillot, P.R. Renn...

show abstract

Section: The Emeishan Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, stratigraphic data suggest that the Emeishan traps were near the end of the Guadalupian, i.e. about 258 Ma old (see also [23,86]). …”

Section: The Emeishan Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the ages of flood basalt events

Courtillot

Renne

2003

Comptes Rendus. Géoscience

726

400

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These SLIPs are characterized by large volumes (N10 5 km 3 ), of predominantly rhyodacite-rhyolite compositions, long periods of magmatic evolution (b40 myr) and were located along paleo-or active continental margins (Bryan, 2007;Bryan et al, 2002). Unlike the mafic LIPs commonly related to mantle plumes (e.g., Bryan and Ernst, 2008;Chung et al, 1998;Coffin and Eldholm, 1994;Buchan, 2001, 2003), the mechanisms for the formation of the SLIPs are not as clear and the generation of SLIPs may be related to continental rifting, mantle plumes or back arc extension (Betts et al, 2009;Bryan, 2007;Bryan and Ferrari, 2013;Bryan et al, 2002;Pankhurst et al, 2000Pankhurst et al, , 2011b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Early Permian (ca. 280Ma) silicic igneous province in the Alxa Block, NW China: A magmatic flare-up triggered by a mantle-plume?

Wei

Wang

et al. 2014

Lithos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In recent years, the Emeishan LIP has attracted the attention of the scientific community because of its possible synchrony with the eruption of the end-Permian mass extinction (Ali et al, 2002;Chung and Jahn, 1995;Chung et al, 1998;Lo et al, 2002;Shellnutt, 2013;Wignall et al, 2009;Wu and Zhang, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%