The Elimination Peculiarities of Perfluorocarbon Emulsions Stabilized with Egg Yolk Phospholipid

Putyatina, T. K.; Aprosin, U. D.; Afonin, N. I.

doi:10.3109/10731199409138827

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Emulsions of PFCs prepared with EYP do not cause complement activation, as when poloxamers are used. ,, Longer intravascular half-lives have been measured in rats for an EYP-based FDC emulsion (24.4 ± 0.9 h) as compared to a poloxamer-based FDC emulsion (13.5 ± 0.5 h) . Egg yolk phospholipids also have the advantage of having a long history of use in pharmaceuticals.…”

Section: Phospholipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pharmaceutical Corporation in San Diego; however, the opinion expressed here are solely his and not necessarily those of the Corporation. Jean G. Riess received his chemical engineer and doctorat-e `s-sciences degrees (the latter with Professor Guy Ourisson in 1963) from the University of Strasbourg. He then spent two years with John Van Wazer at Monsanto in Saint-Louis, MO, learning some phosphorus and transitionmetal chemistry. In 1968 he became Professor at the University of Nice, France, where he founded, directed, and eventually became honorary director of the Unite ´de Chimie Mole ´culaire (associated with the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique). His research successively involved phosphorus chemistry, transition-metal chemistry, organometallics, and eventually perfluorochemicals. His present interests are in fluorocarbons, fluorinated amphiphiles, and their colloid chemistry, including fluorocarbon emulsions for in vivo O 2 delivery, fluorinated self-assemblies, and drug delivery systems. Professor Riess has published about 360 papers and holds ca. 25 patents. He has served on numerous councils and committees and has chaired or co-chaired international conferences on phosphorus chemistry and blood substitutes. He has won awards from the French Academy of Sciences, French Chemical Society, Alexander von Humboldt Stifftung, City of Nice and Controlled Release Society, as well as Alliance's first Distinguished Contribution Award. He holds an honorary Research Associate position at the University of California at San Diego and sits on the Board of Directors of Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp.

show abstract

Section: Phospholipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Biocompatible phospholipids are widely employed to provide stable nanoemulsions. However, phospholipids are expensive and can undergo oxidation/peroxidation reactions upon prolonged storage [ 25 , 27 , 28 ]. Alternatively, non-ionic block copolymers (Poloxamers/Pluronics ® ) can be used for PFC nanoemulsion stabilization [ 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Labeling for 19F MRI: New and Improved Approach to Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion Design

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report describes novel perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoemulsions designed to improve ex vivo cell labeling for 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 19F MRI is a powerful non-invasive technique for monitoring cells of the immune system in vivo, where cells are labeled ex vivo with PFC nanoemulsions in cell culture. The quality of 19F MRI is directly affected by the quality of ex vivo PFC cell labeling. When co-cultured with cells for longer periods of time, nanoemulsions tend to settle due to high specific weight of PFC oils (1.5–2.0 g/mL). This in turn can decrease efficacy of excess nanoemulsion removal and reliability of the cell labeling in vitro. To solve this problem, novel PFC nanoemulsions are reported which demonstrate lack of sedimentation and high stability under cell labeling conditions. They are monodisperse, have small droplet size (~130 nm) and low polydispersity (<0.15), show a single peak in the 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum at −71.4 ppm and possess high fluorine content. The droplet size and polydispersity remained unchanged after 160 days of follow up at three temperatures (4, 25 and 37 °C). Further, stressors such as elevated temperature in the presence of cells, and centrifugation, did not affect the nanoemulsion droplet size and polydispersity. Detailed synthetic methodology and in vitro testing for these new PFC nanoemulsions is presented.

show abstract

“…Several studies investigating the elimination of PFC from the human body have been conducted in connection with the use of PFC in liquid ventilation. PFC can be measured in expired air with a simple device based on thermal conduction and mass transfer of gases [41] or more sophisticated methods using gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy [34]. First tests in sports for the misuse of PFC were carried out during the 1999 Tour de France cycling race with breath analyzers using gas chromatography.…”

Section: Possible Detection Methods In Drug Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Oxygen Carriers - The New Doping Threat in Endurance Sport?

Schumacher

Schmid²,

Dinkelmann³

et al. 2001

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maximal oxygen uptake is the major performance limiting factor in endurance sports. Sophisticated training methods have been developed to increase this variable. On the other hand, attempts have been made to improve maximal oxygen uptake by artificial means: blood doping and the misuse of recombinant human erythropoietin have beneficial effects on aerobic exercise capacity. Both methods have been banned by international sporting federations. A new class of substances might represent the next step of fraudulent improvement of the maximal oxygen uptake: artificial oxygen carriers, such as solutions based on recombinant, bovine or human hemoglobin and perfluorocarbon-emulsions have been shown to improve oxygen delivery to the muscle. Hemoglobin-based solutions improve aerobic exercise capacity in animal and human testing. Both substances have potentially lethal side effects including renal toxicity, increased systemic and pulmonary blood pressure and impairment of the immune system. Hemoglobin-based carriers can be detected in drug testing with routine laboratory tests based on the detection of free hemoglobin. Perfluorocarbon is not metabolized by the body and exhaled through the lung and can be measured with chromatography. No screening for these substances in drug tests has been performed so far. International sporting federations should be aware of this new, emerging doping threat.

show abstract

The Elimination Peculiarities of Perfluorocarbon Emulsions Stabilized with Egg Yolk Phospholipid

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some PhysiologyBlut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft

Cell Labeling for 19F MRI: New and Improved Approach to Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion Design

Artificial Oxygen Carriers - The New Doping Threat in Endurance Sport?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About