The Electrochemistry of Carbohydrates and their Derivatives

Survey of the Electrochemistry of Some Biomass-Derived Compounds

“…The electrochemistry of monosaccharides and derived compounds has been thoroughly reviewed by Fedoronko (1974), who emphasizes the use of polarographic techniques for carbohydrate analysis and covers the homogeneous reactions taking place (such as ring-opening of the cyclic hemiacetal to the aldehydic form before the electron transfer processes) that are valuable for understanding carbohydrate chemistry as well as for carbohydrate analysis. Due to the wealth of literature in this area and the recent, very comprehensive review article, these aspects of the electrochemistry of monosaccharides are not described in our report.…”

“…Under controlled conditions, the electrolysis of the aldonic acids can be restricted to synthesis of the aldosulonic (cx-ketoaldonic) acids or the lower aldoses (see Fedoronko 1974).…”

“…The literature on the electrochemical reduction of monosaccharides is comprehensively reviewed by Fedoronko (1974).…”

“…2-4. Sorbitol and mannitol are the main reduction products, but the other products shown have also been isolated and characterized (see Fedoronko 1974).…”

Quantification of Chemically Reducing Species in the Phosphate Ion Catalyzed Degradation of Reducing Sugars

“…Reducing species including Amadori compounds and presumably reductones have been estimated directly in Maillard reactions by titration with ferricyanide (4) or Tillman's reagent (2,6-dichloroindophenol) (5) and by color changes in formazanforming redox indicators (6). The presence of highly reactive reductones has also been observed electrochemically during polarography of sugars (7) or by open circuit potential measurements in model Maillard reactions of β-alanine and reducing sugars (8) . In theory, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) of Amadori compounds can also provide qualitative information of reductones formed in situ during the oxidation cycle by observing current responses in subsequent cycles.…”