The electrochemical behaviour of stainless steel AISI 304 in alkaline solutions with different pH in the presence of chlorides

Freire, L.; Carmezim, M.J.; Ferreira, M.G.S.; Montemor, M.F.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.094

Cited by 237 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Traditionally, the UNS 530400 and 531600 austenitic stainless steel grades have been analysed [9,12,14,15). Some researchers detect no difference between the pitting corrosion resistance of both materials in solution tests [10,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrugated stainless steels embedded in mortar for 9years: Corrosion results of non-carbonated, chloride-contaminated samples

Bautista

Paredes

Velasco

et al. 2015

Construction and Building Materials

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Institutional RepositoryThis is a postprint version of the following published document:A. Bautista (et al.). HI GHLIGHTS• 5 corrugated stainless steel grades are studied in chloride contaminated mortars.• Ecorr and E IS are used for monitoring, and polarizations tests are also carried out • Spo ntaneous corrosion only appears in low Ni austenitic 520430 at partial immersion.• 532205 duplex does not show any sign of corrosion even at anodic high polarizations. ABSTRA C T Keywords: Stainless steel Steel reinforced mortar EISMortar sampl es reinforced with 5 different corrugated stainless steels were tested for 9 years in 2 differ ent conditions: partial immersion (P I) in 3. 5% NaC l, and chloride addition to the mortar and exposure to high relative humidity (H R H) . The monitoring during the exposures was carried out with corrosi on potential (Ecorr) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (E IS) measurements. A year before finishing (after 8 years of exposure), the reinforced mortar samples were anodically polarised to obtain more infor mation about the pitting resistance of the passi ve layers formed under the different conditions. The last year of exposure was established to study the pr ogress or repassivation of the pits. The P I is the most aggressive testing condition and it causes low intensity corrosion in 520430 austenitic stainless steel after 7 years of exposure. The 532205 duplex stainless steel shows very good corrosion behaviour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrugated stainless steels embedded in mortar for 9years: Corrosion results of non-carbonated, chloride-contaminated samples

Bautista

Paredes

Velasco

et al. 2015

Construction and Building Materials

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“…The low-frequency time constant was associated to the redox or to the interfacial processes. For AISI 304 in alkaline solutions with different pH and in the presence of chlorides, the high-frequency time constant was assigned to the areas covered with the passive film (protective oxide); the low-frequency time constant was correlated with the active surface area (film defects or pores in the absence of chlorides and active pits in the presence of chlorides) [25]. Recently, a model which involved the presence of low-conductivity (chromium rich regions of insulating character) and high-conductivity (iron rich regions based on magnetite of conducting character) oxide areas over the metal substrate was considered to analyse the impedance data obtained on AISI 316L in sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid solutions [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical characterisation of a martensitic stainless steel in a neutral chloride solution

Marcelin

Pébère

Régnier

2013

Electrochimica Acta

148

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To cite this version:Sabrina Marcelin, Nadine Pébère, Sophie Régnier. Electrochemical characterisation of a martensitic stainless steel in a neutral chloride solution. Electrochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2013, vol. 87, pp. 32-40 a b s t r a c tThis paper focuses on the characterisation of the electrochemical behaviour of a martensitic stainless steel in 0.1 M NaCl + 0.04 M Na 2 SO 4 solution and is a part of a study devoted to crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels. Polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance measurements were obtained for different experimental conditions in bulk electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyse the passive films. At the corrosion potential, the stainless steel was in the passive state and the corrosion process was controlled by the properties of the passive film formed during air exposure. During immersion in the deaerated solution, the passive film was only slightly modified, whereas it was altered both in composition and thickness during immersion in the aerated solution. After cathodic polarisation of the stainless steel electrode surface, the oxide film was almost totally removed and the surface appeared to be uniformly active for oxygen reduction. The new passive film, formed at the corrosion potential, was enriched with iron species and less protective. Impedance diagrams allowed the characterisation of both the oxide film (high-frequency range) and the charge transfer process (low-frequency range).

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“…The passive film of stainless steel generally has a bilayer structure, with the outermost layer of oxide/hydroxide enriched in iron, and an inner layer predominantly rich in chromium and nickel oxides [43,[45][46][47][48]. Cathodic polarization damages the protective layer with reduction reactions of the oxide film, especially the ferric oxide [16,33]. However, the passive film cannot be removed completely from the 304 SS surface even with strong cathodic polarization at the potential of −1.5 V [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The passive behavior of stainless steel is affected by many factors, such as types of stainless steel, pre-treatment, electrolytes, and applied potentials [13][14][15][16]. The reduction of passive film on stainless steel with cathodic polarization at a certain potential will also lead to high risk of corrosion [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Calcareous Deposits and Passive Film on 304 Stainless Steel with Cathodic Polarization in Sea Water

Sun

Huang

et al. 2018

Coatings

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Abstract:The change of protective current density, the formation and growth of calcareous deposits, and the evolution of passive film on 304 stainless steel (SS) were investigated at different potentials of cathodic polarization in sea water. Potentiostatic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and surface analysis techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the surface conditions. It was found that the protective current density was smaller for keeping polarization at −0.80 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE), same as below) than that at −0.65 V. The calcareous deposits could not be formed on 304 SS with polarization at −0.50 V while it was well protected. The formation rate, the morphology, and the constituent of the calcareous deposits depended on the applied potential. The resistance of passive film on 304 SS decreased at the first stage and then increased when polarized at −0.80 V and −0.65 V, which was related to the reduction and the repair of passive film. For the stainless steel polarized at −0.50 V, the film resistance increased with polarization time, indicating that the growth of oxide film was promoted.

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The electrochemical behaviour of stainless steel AISI 304 in alkaline solutions with different pH in the presence of chlorides

Cited by 237 publications

References 31 publications

Corrugated stainless steels embedded in mortar for 9years: Corrosion results of non-carbonated, chloride-contaminated samples

Corrugated stainless steels embedded in mortar for 9years: Corrosion results of non-carbonated, chloride-contaminated samples

Electrochemical characterisation of a martensitic stainless steel in a neutral chloride solution

Evolution of Calcareous Deposits and Passive Film on 304 Stainless Steel with Cathodic Polarization in Sea Water

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