The electrical conductivity of CO<sub>2</sub>-bearing pore waters at elevated pressure and temperature: a laboratory study and its implications in CO<sub>2</sub>storage monitoring and leakage detection

Börner, Jana H.; Herdegen, Volker; Repke, Jens‐Uwe; Spitzer, Klaus

doi:10.1093/gji/ggv331

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Laboratory studies of CO 2 interaction between saline reservoir fluids and injected CO 2 have shown that even with a small resistivity decrease due to chemical reactions, the overall resistivity increase due to the replacement of conductive saline fluid by resistive CO 2 dominates the bulk resistivity (Börner et al, 2013). In this particular case the average background resistivity of the depleted formation is on the order of 3 ⍀m, whereas fully CO 2 saturated sediments exhibit 12 ⍀m resistivity.…”

Section: Presentation Of Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

et al. 2016

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Depth to Surface Resistivity (DSR) has been shown to be effective at mapping CO 2 , water flood, and residual oil aerially and vertically. Provided there is sufficient resistivity contrast between injected and in-situ fluids and subject to the reservoir depth and overburden resistivity, the technique is applicable for monitoring IOR/EOR fields. This information can be used to evaluate cap rock integrity, fluid loss to faults, and migration paths. The following paper presents a study of a CO 2 flood followed by water alternating gas (WAG) injection.

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Section: Presentation Of Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

et al. 2016

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“…There is a good agreement between the water saturation profiles after this point including the whole hydrate formation period in Fig 7. CO2 dissociation effects are highly sensitive to salinity. The 3.5 weight% NaCl solution used in Fig 5-7, belongs in a "high-salinity regime" where the conductivity was actually reduced by up to 15% due to reduced ion mobility [27]. This CO2 dissolution effect, if not accounted for, will underestimate the water saturation derived from resistivity measurements.…”

Section: Co2 Hydrate -Brine System (Within Ghsz)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Storing CO₂as solid hydrate in shallow aquifers: Electrical resistivity measurements in hydrate-bearing sandstone

2020

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A recent proposed carbon dioxide (CO2) storage scheme suggests solid CO2 hydrate formation at the base of the hydrate stability zone to facilitate safe, long-term storage of anthropogenic CO2. These highdensity hydrate structures consist of individual CO2 molecules confined in cages of hydrogen-bonded water molecules. Solid-state storage of CO2 in shallow aquifers can improve the storage capacity greatly compared to supercritical CO2 stored at greater depths. Moreover, impermeable hydrate layers directly above a liquid CO2 plume will significantly retain unwanted migration of CO2 toward the seabed. Thus, a structural trap accompanied by hydrate layers in a zone of favorable kinetics are likely to mitigate the overall risk of CO2 leakage from the storage site. Geophysical monitoring of the CO2 storage site includes electrical resistivity measurements that relies on empirical data to obtain saturation values. We have estimated the saturation exponent in Archie's equation, n ≈ 2.1 (harmonic mean) for CO2 and brine saturated pore network, and for hydrate-bearing seal (SH < 0.4), during the process of storing liquid CO2 in Bentheimer sandstone core samples. Our findings support efficient trapping of CO2 by sedimentary hydrate formation and show a robust agreement between saturation values derived from PVT data and from modifying Archie's equation.

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“…Börner et al . []. In reality one would utilize reservoirs for storage with temperature and pressure conditions which allow injected CO 2 to remain in supercritical state.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study on CO₂ leakage detection using electrical streaming potential data

Büsing

Vogt

Ebigbo

2017

Water Resources Research

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We study the feasibility of detecting carbon dioxide (CO2) movement in the overburden of a storage reservoir due to CO2 leakage through an abandoned well by self‐potential (SP) measurements at the surface. This is achieved with three‐dimensional numerical (SP) modeling of two‐phase fluid flow and electrokinetic coupling between flow and streaming potential. We find that, in typical leakage scenarios, for leaky and/or injection wells with conductive metal casing, self‐potential signals originating from injection can be identified at the surface. As the injection signal is also observed at the leaky well with metal casing, SP monitoring can be applied for detecting abandoned wells. However, leakage signals are much smaller than the injection signal and thus masked by the latter. We present three alternatives to overcome this problem: (i) simulate the streaming potential of the nonleaky scenario and subtract the result from the measured streaming potential data; (ii) exploit the symmetry of the injection signal by analyzing the potential difference of dipoles with the dipole center at the injection well; or (iii) measure SP during periods where the injection is interrupted. In our judgement, the most promising approach for detecting a real‐world CO2 leakage is by combining methods (i) and (ii), because this would give the highest signal from the leakage and omit signals originating from the injection well. Consequently, we recommend SP as monitoring method for subsurface CO2 storage, especially because a leakage can be detected shortly after the injection started even before CO2 arrives at the leaky well.

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The electrical conductivity of CO₂-bearing pore waters at elevated pressure and temperature: a laboratory study and its implications in CO₂storage monitoring and leakage detection

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

Storing CO₂as solid hydrate in shallow aquifers: Electrical resistivity measurements in hydrate-bearing sandstone

Numerical study on CO₂ leakage detection using electrical streaming potential data

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The electrical conductivity of CO2-bearing pore waters at elevated pressure and temperature: a laboratory study and its implications in CO2storage monitoring and leakage detection

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

Mapping CO2 Floods Using the Depth-to-Surface Resistivity Method: A Technology and Field Example

Storing CO2as solid hydrate in shallow aquifers: Electrical resistivity measurements in hydrate-bearing sandstone

Numerical study on CO2 leakage detection using electrical streaming potential data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The electrical conductivity of CO₂-bearing pore waters at elevated pressure and temperature: a laboratory study and its implications in CO₂storage monitoring and leakage detection

Storing CO₂as solid hydrate in shallow aquifers: Electrical resistivity measurements in hydrate-bearing sandstone

Numerical study on CO₂ leakage detection using electrical streaming potential data