The Egg shell as a filler in composite materials - a review

Chandrappa, Ravi Kumar; Kamath, Sakshi Shantharam

doi:10.30464/jmee.2020.4.4.335

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Various studies have showcased the effective usage of eggshells as filler to improve the properties of polymer composites. [16,17] The current study is focused on understanding the effects of three different variants of eggshell fillers on the mechanical properties of glass fibre/polyester composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Effects of Uncarbonised, Carbonised and Hybrid Eggshell Filler Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre/Polyester Composites

Kowshik¹,

Sharma²,

U³

et al. 2022

Eng. Sci.

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Waste eggshells were procured and processed to obtain uncarbonised eggshells and carbonised eggshells. Four variants of composites viz., unfilled, uncarbonised eggshell filled, carbonised eggshell filled and hybrid eggshell filled were fabricated using hand lay-up technique. All three variants of filled composites were added 10 wt.% of eggshells. The idea of hybridizing the uncarbonised and carbonised eggshell fillers was also carried out. A mechanical stirrer was utilised for mixing the eggshells with unsaturated polyester resin. All four variants of composites were subjected to tensile and flexural strength tests as per the respective American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The tests showcased that all eggshell filled composites possess better tensile and flexural strengths compared to unfilled composites. Carbonised eggshell filled composites exhibited the highest strengths among all the composite variants considered followed by hybrid composites and uncarbonised eggshell filled composites. The unfilled composites exhibited the least strength. The carbonised eggshell filled composites showcased 43.9 and 34.14% higher tensile and flexural strengths in comparison with unfilled composites. Microscopic analysis of the failed specimens was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM images revealed that the eggshell filler was responsible for crack deviations and crack arrests contributing to the strength of the composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Effects of Uncarbonised, Carbonised and Hybrid Eggshell Filler Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre/Polyester Composites

Kowshik¹,

Sharma²,

U³

et al. 2022

Eng. Sci.

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“…Although there is limited research in this field, some studies have explored various combinations of materials to analyze the properties of resulting composites. The incorporation of eggshell particles improves the interaction between the resin and the material, leading to increased tensile, flexural, hardness, impact, and shear strength of the composites [7]- [8]. The primary constituent of eggshells in this study is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), which shares identical chemical properties with cement.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bio-Cement Reinforced with Eggshell Composites

Rosmamuhamadani

2024

JMechE

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Eggshells are an interesting inorganic compound with a chemical composition and crystallographic structure similar to that of CaCO3. This study aims to acquire a better understanding of the use of eggshells, which are commercially incorporated into cement mixtures, to increase the mechanical strength of cement-eggshell composite. The cement mixture was prepared by incorporating different compositions (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) of eggshell powder. The raw eggshells were cleaned, crushed, dried, sieved into small pieces, and mixed with the cement according to the desired composition. Analysis of the eggshell powder showed similar peaks to CaCO3, indicating that eggshells can be used as a calcium source. The results indicated that the addition of 10 wt.% finely ground eggshell powder improved the compressive and flexural strength of the cement mix. It was also found that eggshell powder can potentially be used as a filler, as it exhibited the highest water absorption at 15 wt.%. The use of eggshells as a reinforcing component in environmentally friendly cement mixes has the potential to improve the environment by reducing waste, the need for conventional cement resources, and the pollution caused by excessive cement mining.

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