The egg and the nucleus: a battle for supremacy

Gurdon, J. B.

doi:10.1242/dev.097170

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Either the molecular machinery involved in oocyte-mediated reprogramming shares components with the machinery responsible for processing the sperm nucleus, or Aph affects converging parts of distinct pathways. This is consistent with the hypothesis that mechanisms of reprogramming may be nothing but the same mechanisms in place for fertilization, hijacked to process somatic chromatin instead of sperm chromatin [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

DNA Replication Is an Integral Part of the Mouse Oocyte’s Reprogramming Machinery

et al. 2014

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Many of the structural and mechanistic requirements of oocyte-mediated nuclear reprogramming remain elusive. Previous accounts that transcriptional reprogramming of somatic nuclei in mouse zygotes may be complete in 24–36 hours, far more rapidly than in other reprogramming systems, raise the question of whether the mere exposure to the activated mouse ooplasm is sufficient to enact reprogramming in a nucleus. We therefore prevented DNA replication and cytokinesis, which ensue after nuclear transfer, in order to assess their requirement for transcriptional reprogramming of the key pluripotency genes Oct4 (Pou5f1) and Nanog in cloned mouse embryos. Using transcriptome and allele-specific analysis, we observed that hundreds of mRNAs, but not Oct4 and Nanog, became elevated in nucleus-transplanted oocytes without DNA replication. Progression through the first round of DNA replication was essential but not sufficient for transcriptional reprogramming of Oct4 and Nanog, whereas cytokinesis and thereby cell-cell interactions were dispensable for transcriptional reprogramming. Responses similar to clones also were observed in embryos produced by fertilization in vitro. Our results link the occurrence of reprogramming to a previously unappreciated requirement of oocyte-mediated nuclear reprogramming, namely DNA replication. Nuclear transfer alone affords no immediate transition from a somatic to a pluripotent gene expression pattern unless DNA replication is also in place. This study is therefore a resource to appreciate that the quest for always faster reprogramming methods may collide with a limit that is dictated by the cell cycle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

DNA Replication Is an Integral Part of the Mouse Oocyte’s Reprogramming Machinery

et al. 2014

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“…The cloned embryonic cells resulting from this procedure may also be cultured in vitro, giving rise to embryonic stem cell lines (Byrne et al, 2007;Noggle et al, 2011;Tachibana et al, 2013). Nuclear reprogramming by this route is thought to 'mimic' natural fertilization (Gurdon, 2013). Reprogramming by SCNT is mediated by natural components of the egg and involves extensive DNA replication and cell division (Jullien et al, 2011).…”

Section: Nuclear Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

C/EBPα poises B cells for rapid reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells

Stefano

Sardina

Oevelen

et al. 2013

Nature

190

210

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“…However, the complexity of establishing an in vitro system for producing functional haploid human oocytes currently limits this application (Irie et al, 2015;Sasaki et al, 2015). Here, we investigate an alternative approach, namely de novo reconstruction of haploid human oocytes by recycling of PB1 genomes via nuclear transfer into donor cytoplasm (Gurdon, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%