2019
DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-15629-2019
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The efficiency of transport into the stratosphere via the Asian and North American summer monsoon circulations

Abstract: Abstract. Transport of pollutants into the stratosphere via the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) or North American summer monsoon (NASM) may affect the atmospheric composition and climate both locally and globally. We identify and study the robust characteristics of transport from the ASM and NASM regions to the stratosphere using the Lagrangian chemistry transport model CLaMS driven by both the ERA-Interim and MERRA-2 reanalyses. In particular, we quantify the relative influences of the ASM and NASM on stratospheri… Show more

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Cited by 26 publications
(33 citation statements)
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References 87 publications
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“…Early size-resolved measurements using a balloon-borne optical particle counter (OPC) in August 1999 showed high number concentrations (0.7-0.8 particles cm −3 ) of aerosol particles with radii of 0.15-0.6 µm between about 130 and 70 hPa in the Asian summer monsoon (Kim et al, 2003;Tobo et al, 2007). Recent measurements with an OPC (Deshler et al, 2003) from Hyderabad, India, and with a Printed Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) (Gao et al, 2016) from Kunming, China (both in 2015), also confirm the presence of the ATAL (Yu et al, 2017;Vernier et al, 2018). The OPC measurements indicate that the concentration of ATAL particles is highest close to the cold point tropopause and declines towards greater altitudes; concentrations (up to about 25 particles per cm −3 ) are dominated by particles in the r > 0.094 µm channel, whereas particle number concentrations for the r > 0.15 µm channel and the r > 0.30 µm channel are lower by a factor of 30 and 300, respectively (Vernier et al, 2018, Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 88%
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“…Early size-resolved measurements using a balloon-borne optical particle counter (OPC) in August 1999 showed high number concentrations (0.7-0.8 particles cm −3 ) of aerosol particles with radii of 0.15-0.6 µm between about 130 and 70 hPa in the Asian summer monsoon (Kim et al, 2003;Tobo et al, 2007). Recent measurements with an OPC (Deshler et al, 2003) from Hyderabad, India, and with a Printed Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) (Gao et al, 2016) from Kunming, China (both in 2015), also confirm the presence of the ATAL (Yu et al, 2017;Vernier et al, 2018). The OPC measurements indicate that the concentration of ATAL particles is highest close to the cold point tropopause and declines towards greater altitudes; concentrations (up to about 25 particles per cm −3 ) are dominated by particles in the r > 0.094 µm channel, whereas particle number concentrations for the r > 0.15 µm channel and the r > 0.30 µm channel are lower by a factor of 30 and 300, respectively (Vernier et al, 2018, Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…The confinement of air masses of tropospheric origin in the monsoon anticyclone also affects the aerosol particles constituting the ATAL (Yu et al, 2017;Vernier et al, 2018;Höpfner et al, 2019). Particles in the ATAL originate from ground sources (both gas-phase precursors and aerosol particles), which are lifted to UTLS altitudes by convection.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The chemical signature of air masses within the monsoon anticyclone (e.g. tropospheric pollutants, water vapour) is exported to the Northern Hemisphere during summer and fall through quasi-isentropic transport from low latitudes (e.g., Ploeger et al, 2013;Vogel et al, 2014Vogel et al, , 2016Vogel et al, , 2019Spang et al, 2015;Garny and Randel, 2016;Müller et al, 2016;Fadnavis et al, 2018;Rolf et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2019). Because of this export of air from the Asian monsoon circulation to the Northern Hemisphere, the ATAL particles contribute significantly (∼ 15%) to the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric column aerosol surface area on an annual basis (Yu et al, 2017).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%